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探討中國六朝時期的廣州為海運線上菁英型佛教所扮演發展中的角色=A Study on Guangzhou and its Rolein Elite Buddhism during the Maritime Routes of the Six Dynasties |
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| 著者 |
釋法曜 (著)
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| 掲載誌 |
圓光佛學學報=Yuan Kuang Journal of Buddhist Studies
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| 巻号 | n.37 |
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| 出版年月日 | 2021.06 |
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| ページ | 1 - 39 |
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| 出版者 | 圓光佛學研究所=Yuan Kuang Buddhist College |
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| 出版サイト |
http://www.ykbi.edu.tw/
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| 出版地 | 桃園縣, 臺灣 [Taoyuean hsien, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| ノート | 作者單位：英國布里斯託大學宗教與神學系博士 |
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| キーワード | 傳法僧=Buddhist missioner; 傳教士=Missioner; 文化傳遞=Transmitting culture; 僧傳=Buddhist hagiology; 廣州=Guangzhou=Canton; 菁英佛教=Elite Buddhism; 譯經=Translation |
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| 抄録 | 在南海海上貿易路線中，廣州具有優越的位置，因而古來即吸引許多來自南亞與東南亞的商人和傳教僧侶。尤其從佛教傳教僧侶文獻的視角，該城早在公元281年，廣州即有佛教傳教組織活動的歷史紀錄。儘管這些傳教組織的主要成員是僧人，而且他們確曾在此講經弘法，部分僧人在華停留期間，甚至還翻譯過一些重要的佛教典籍和舉行受戒說戒的有規模式的活動，但根據中國佛教的歷史紀錄來看，他們之中，卻未曾有任何一人在廣州定居，而廣州也不曾發展為一個佛法學習的據點。1何以廣州坐擁海運貿易的豐富資金，卻吸引不到僧人在此定居呢？這最少有兩個面向可以提出來討論。從歷史的脈絡來看，這些僧人的目的地是帝國的首都所在地，而廣州只是這趟旅程中的入境港口，一個歇腳的中繼點而已。另一方面，從傳教的眼光看來，廣州是否存在一個知識階層足以襄助佛教僧人翻譯經典以及演述經典教理，恐怕是很成疑問的。不像基督教的傳教團能得到教會與國家的資助，這些外來的僧人並沒有得到母國僧團有組織的支援，僧伽團體在佛教的海外傳教活動中也從未扮演要角。在缺乏僧團奧援的情況下，佛教想在異國他鄉的土地上弘傳，自然也就難以實現了。
Historically Guangzhou has been a trade center in Southern China. Because of its excellent locale on the trade route of South China Sea, Guangzhou has long attracted merchants as well as missionaries across South and Southeast Asia. As early as in 281 A.D. there were records of Buddhist missionary activities in Guangzhou. While the missionaries, the majority of whom were monks, did preach and even had some important Buddhist texts translated during their stay, almost none of them took up residence in Guangzhou at least according to the Chinese Buddhist hagiological records, or turned it into a center of Buddhist learning. Why did they choose not to, despite the financial conditions supported by the trade route? The reasons are twofold. History-wise, the monks were enroute to the imperial capital of the time and Guangzhou was but the entry port and one of the stops on the journey. Mission-wise, on the other hand, Guangzhou arguably lacked an intellectual class that could be deployed to translate and communicate Buddhist thought. Unlike Christian missions, which were backed by the church and the states, there was no equivalent support organized by the foreign Buddhist monks neither was the Saṃgha an important factor of overseas missionary activity. Without the Saṃgha, the Buddhist missions could hardly ever be materialized in foreign land. |
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| 目次 | 一、前言 6
二、傳遞文化概念與傳法僧 8
(一) 傳遞文化概念 8
(二) 海上絲路時期的廣州 9
(三) 傳教工作的推動者 13
三、海外僧傳遞教法醞釀時間 30
四、總結 32
引用文獻 35 |
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| ISSN | 16086848 (P) |
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| 参考文献 |
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| ヒット数 | 356 |
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| 作成日 | 2021.11.11 |
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| 更新日期 | 2022.08.03 |
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