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如何從平凡認知提昇到如實智慧：以阿含經典與般若經典為主要依據=How to Upgrade from Ordinary Cognition to Wisdom as It Really Is: Mainly Based on the Āgama-sūtras and Prajñāpāramitā-sūtras |
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| 著者 |
蔡耀明 (著)=Tsai, Yao-ming (au.)
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| 掲載誌 |
哲學與文化=Monthly Review of Philosophy and Culture
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| 巻号 | v.49 n.4 |
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| 出版年月日 | 2022.04.01 |
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| ページ | 3 - 21 |
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| 出版者 | 哲學與文化月刊雜誌社 |
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| 出版サイト |
http://www.umrpc.fju.edu.tw
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| 出版地 | 臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan] |
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| 資料の種類 | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| 言語 | 中文=Chinese |
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| ノート | 作者為國立臺灣大學哲學系教授 |
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| キーワード | 平凡認知=Ordinary Cognition; 如實智慧=Wisdom as It Really Is; 般若波羅蜜多=Prajñāpāramitā; 阿含經典=Āgama-Sūtras; 般若經典=Prajñāpāramitā-Sūtras |
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| 抄録 | 哲學既然以愛好智慧為標榜，從事哲學工作，即應以成就智慧或體現智慧為目標。若偏離於智慧之認知，或遠低於智慧之認知，皆可概括地稱為平凡認知。因此，哲學的本務，就在於認清且脫離平凡認知，進而透過正確的認知與通達的理解，邁向智慧。阿含經典以戒定慧三增上學為修行的骨幹，而正見與智慧尤為此一骨幹的眼目之前導。般若經典則將般若波羅蜜多－－究竟通達的智慧，或智慧貫徹到底－－列為菩提道修行的核心骨幹與旗艦。本文以阿含經典與般若經典為主要的文獻依據，探討從平凡認知提昇到如實智慧的理路與關鍵。在論陳平凡認知與如實智慧的方方面面之後，聚焦於探討如實智慧做為解決平凡認知之弊病的對策，以及由如實智慧導向修行道路以智慧為訴求的標竿。透過本文的研究，應可對於哲學在辨別平凡認知與成就如實智慧之課題，提供具有重大意涵的啟明。
Since philosophy is said to be the quest for wisdom, engaging in philosophical inquiry should aim at achieving or embodying wisdom. At the level of worldly conventions, a cognition either deviating from or far below wisdom can be summed up as ordinary or even mediocre cognition. Therefore, the basic task of philosophy lies in recognizing and breaking away from ordinary cognition, and then moving toward wisdom through correct cognition and thorough understanding. The Āgama-sūtras take morality, meditation, and wisdom as the backbone of practices, and the development of right view and wisdom operates as guiding eyes for Buddhist practitioners. The Prajñāpāramitā-sūtras especially list prajñāpāramitā-the wisdom of thorough penetration, or the wisdom that is carried through to the end-as the core backbone and flagship of the path to enlightenment. This article uses the Āgama-sūtras and Prajñāpāramitā-sūtras as the main literary sources to explore the rationale and key to the improvement from ordinary cognition to wisdom as it really is. The framework of the thesis, after discussing various aspects of ordinary cognition and wisdom as it really is, focuses on wisdom as a countermeasure to solve the disadvantages of ordinary cognition, and on the way in which benchmarking wisdom acts as a standard of practices for making progress on Buddhist multiple paths. Through the research and discussion in this article, it should be possible to shed some light on philosophical distinction between ordinary cognition and achieving wisdom as it really is. |
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| 目次 | 壹、論陳平凡認知 3
一、一般世人的認知何以傾向於平凡？ 4
二、構成平凡認知的特徵有哪些？ 6
貳、如何脫離平凡認知 7
一、消極面：認清平凡認知之過患而且不陷落在平凡認知 7
二、積極面：在修行道路開發智慧 8
參、論陳如實智慧 9
一、如實觀察做為智慧之要件 9
二、洞察法性做為智慧之要件 10
肆、般若波羅蜜多：究竟通達的智慧 10
伍、佛教修行道路的標竿智慧 12
一、總說三種一組的標竿智慧 13
二、一切行相智（sarvâkāra-jñatā） 14
三、道行相智（mārgâkāra-jñatā） 14
四、一切智（sarva-jñatā） 15
五、一切智智（sarva-jña-jñāna） 16
陸、結論 17
參考文獻 18
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| ISSN | 10158383 (P); 10158383 (E) |
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| DOI | 10.7065/MRPC |
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| ヒット数 | 362 |
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| 作成日 | 2022.08.04 |
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| 更新日期 | 2022.08.04 |
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