| Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
| Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Practice the good teaching; don't practice the bad one!
One living in truth dwells happily, both in this world
and in the next one.
dhammaṃ care
sucaritaṃ na taṃ
duccaritaṃ care
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N.m. V.act.
Adj.m. neg. Pron.m. Adj.m. V.act.
Acc.Sg. 3.Sg.opt. Acc.Sg. |
Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. 3.Sg.opt.
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List of Abbreviations
dhamma+cārī
sukhaṃ seti
asmiṃ loke paramhi
ca
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N.m. Adj.m. Adv. V.act.in.
Pron.m. N.m. Adj.m. conj.
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Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres. Loc.Sg.
Loc.Sg. Loc.Sg. |
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dhammaṃ: dhamma-, N.m.: Dharma, The Law, the teaching of the Buddha. Acc.Sg. = dhammaṃ.
care, V.: should practice. The verb root is car- (to walk). 3.Sg.act.opt. = care.
sucaritaṃ: sucarita-, Adj.: well-conducted, right, good. It is the word carita-, Adj.: behaving, acting (the p.p. of the verb car-, to walk, to act), with the prefix su- (good, well). Acc.Sg.m. = sucaritaṃ.
na, neg.: not.
taṃ: tad-, Pron.: that. Acc.Sg.m. = taṃ.
duccaritaṃ: duccarita-,
Adj.: wrongly-conducted, wrong, bad. It is the word carita-, Adj.:
behaving, acting (the p.p. of the verb car-, to walk, to act), with
the prefix du- (wrong, bad).
Acc.Sg.m. = duccaritaṃ.
care: see above.
List of Abbreviations
dhammacārī:
dhammacārin-, N.m.: living in truth.
It is a compound of:
dhamma-, N.m.: Buddha's Teaching,
The Law, truth.
cārin-,
Adj.: living, acting. Derived by the suffix -in from the verb car-
(to walk, to act).
Nom.Sg. = dhammacārī.
sukhaṃ, Adv.: happily. It is the word sukha-, N.n.: happiness. Acc.Sg. = sukhaṃ. Here as an adverb.
seti, V.: lays, dwells. The verb root is si- (to lay). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = seti.
asmiṃ: idaṃ-, Pron.: this. Loc.Sg.m. = asmiṃ.
loke: loka-, N.m.: world. Loc.Sg. = loke.
paramhi: para-, Adj.: different, other. Loc.Sg.m. = paramhi.
ca, conj.: and.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of three syntactically
separate sentences. They are:
1) dhammaṃ
care sucaritaṃ (one should practice the
good teaching). The subject is omitted, implying the third person singular
pronoun. The verb is care (one should practice, 3rd person,
singular, active, optative). The object is the noun dhammaṃ
(teaching, accusative singular). It has an attribute, the adjective sucaritaṃ
(good, well-conducted; accusative singular).
2) na taṃ
duccaritaṃ care (one should not practice
that bad one). The subject is omitted, implying the third person singular
pronoun. The verb is care (one should practice, 3rd person,
singular, active, optative). It is negated by the negative particle na
(not). The object is the pronoun taṃ
(that, accusative singular) with its attribute, the adjective duccaritaṃ
(bad, accusative singular).
3) dhammacārī
sukhaṃ seti asmiṃ
loke paramhi ca (one living in truth dwells happily, both in this world
and in the next one). The subject is the compound dhammacārī
(one living in truth, nominative singular). The verb is seti (dwells,
3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). It
has two attributes. One is the adverb sukhaṃ
(happily), one is the noun loke (in the world, locative singular).
This last word has two attributes, the pronoun asmiṃ
(in this, locative singular) and the adjective paramhi (in the other,
locative singular). They are connected by the conjunction ca (and).
The story for this verse is identical
with the story for the preceding one (DhP 168).
Word pronunciation:
dhammaṃ
care
sucaritaṃ
na
taṃ
duccaritaṃ
dhammacārī
dhamma
cārī
sukhaṃ
seti
asmiṃ
loke
paramhi
ca