| Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
| Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Swans travel on the path of the sun. People travel through
space by supernatural powers.
Wise ones are guided away from the world, having conquered
Mara with his army.
haṃsā
ādicca+pathe
yanti ākāse
yanti iddhiyā
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N.m. N.m. N.m.
V.act.in. N.m. V.act.in.
N.f.
Nom.Sg. | Loc.Sg. 3.Pl.pres.
Loc.Sg. 3.Pl.pres. Ins.Sg.
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List of Abbreviations
nīyanti
dhīrā lokamhā
jetvā māraṃ
savāhiniṃ
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V.act.
N.m. N.m. V.ger. N.m.
N.m.
3.Pl.caus. Nom.Pl. Abl.Sg. |
Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg.
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haṃsā: haṃsa-, N.m.: swan. Nom.Pl. = haṃsā.
ādiccapathe:
ādiccapatha-, N.m.: the path of the
sun. It is a compound of:
ādicca-,
N.m.: sun.
patha-, N.m.: road, path.
Loc.Sg. = ādiccapathe.
Euphonic combination: haṃsā
+ ādiccapathe = haṃsādiccapathe.
yanti, V.: go. The verb root is yā-. 3.Pl.act.in.pres. = yanti.
ākāse: ākāsa-, N.m.: air, sky, space. Loc.Sg. = ākāse.
yanti: see above.
iddhiyā: iddhi-, N.f.: supernatural power. Ins.Sg. = iddhiyā.
List of Abbreviations
nīyanti,
V.: are led, are guided, are moved. It is a caus. of the verb root nī-
(to lead).
3.Pl.act.caus. = nīyanti.
dhīrā: dhīra-, Adj.: wise, clever. Nom.Pl.m. = dhīrā.
lokamhā: loka-, N.m.: world. Abl.Sg. = lokamhā.
jetvā, V.ger.: having conquered. The verb root is ji- (to conquer).
māraṃ:
māra-, N.m.: Mara, personified death,
the Evil One, devil.
Nom.Sg. = māraṃ.
savāhiniṃ: savāhini-, N.m.: with an army. It is the word vāhinī-, N.f.: army, with the prefix sa- (with). Acc.Sg. = savāhiniṃ.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of three syntactically
separate sentences. They are:
1) haṃsādiccapathe
yanti (swans travel on the path of the sun). The subject os this
sentence is the noun haṃsā
(swans, nominative singular). The verb is yanti (go, 3rd
person. plural, active, indicative, present tense). It has an attribute,
the compound ādiccapathe (on the path
of the sun, locative singular).
2) ākāse
yanti iddhiyā (people travel
through space by supernatural powers). The subject is omitted, the world
"people" is meant. The verb is yanti (go, 3rd person.
plural, active, indicative, present tense). It has two attributes, the
noun iddhiyā (by supernatural powers,
instrumental singular) and the noun ākāse
(through space, locative singular).
3) nīyanti
dhīrā lokamhā
jetvā māraṃ
savāhiniṃ
(wise ones are guided away from the world, having conquered Mara with his
army). This can be further analysed into two sentences:
a) nīyanti
dhīrā
lokamhā (wise ones are guided away
from the world). The subject of this sentence is the noun dhīrā
(wise ones, nominative plural). The verb is nīyanti
(are guided, 3rd person, plural, active, causative). The noun
lokamhā (from the world, ablative singular)
forms an attribute to this verb.
b) jetvā
māraṃ
savāhiniṃ
(having conquered Mara with his army). The subject is the noun dhīrā
from the previous sentence. The verb is in gerund, jetvā
(having conquered). The object is the noun māraṃ
(Mara, accusative singular) with its attribute, the compound savāhiniṃ
(with [his] army, accusative singular).
At one occasion, thirty monks came
to visit the Buddha. While they were talking, the Buddha’s attendant,
Venerable Ānanda, went outside. When he came
back he was surprised to see no monks inside.
When asked, the Buddha said that they
left flying through the air, because they attained Arahantship, including
supernatural powers.
Just then, the Buddha saw some swans
flying in the sky and told Ānanda that Arahants
leave this world just as easily as the swans fly through the air.
Word pronunciation:
haṃsā
ādiccapathe
ādicca
pathe
yanti
ākāse
iddhiyā
nīyanti
dhīrā
lokamhā
jetvā
māraṃ
savāhiniṃ