Gāthā Sentence Translation Sentence Structure
Vocabulary&Grammar Commentary Pronunciation
                          List of Abbreviations

yassa jālinī visattikā taṇhā natthi kuhiñci netave

taṃ buddham anantagocaraṃ apadaṃ kena padena nessatha

(DhP 180)




Sentence Translation:

Whose ensnaring craving and thirst that could carry him away does not exist anywhere,
by what way will you destroy such an Awakened one, trackless and of endless sphere?




Sentence Structure:
List of Abbreviations

yassa             jālinī    visattikā    taṇhā   na       atthi   kuhiñci netave
|                        |             |             |         |           |          |           |
Rel.Pron.m.   Adj.f.      N.f.        N.f.    neg.  V.act.in.  Adv.   V.inf.
Gen.Sg.       Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg.  |    3.Sg.pres.    |           |
|                        |             |_______|         |______|           |           |
|                        |___________|                      |_________|           |
|___________________|                                        |___________|
                |______________________________________|
                                                |_____________________________________________

List of Abbreviations

taṃ     buddham ananta+gocaraṃ  apadaṃ   kena   padena    nessatha
|                |            |            |             |           |           |             |
Pron.m.  N.m.     Adj.     Adj.m.    Adj.m.  Pron.n.   N.n.   V.act.caus.
Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg.      |       Acc.Sg.   Acc.Sg. Ins.Sg.  Ins.Sg.   2.Pl.fut.
|                |            |______|               |           |______|              |
|_________|__________|___________|                 |___________|
                          |________________________________|
__________________________________|




Vocabulary and Grammar:
List of Abbreviations

yassa: yat-, Rel.Pron.: that, which. Gen.Sg.m. = yassa (whose).

jālinī: jālinī-, Adj.f.: ensnaring, deceptive. It is the word jāla-, N.n.: net, snare, with the possessive suffix -in (in feminine -inī). Nom.Sg. = jālinī.

visattikā: visattikā-, N.f.: craving, lust, desire. It is a synonym of taṇhā. Nom.Sg. = visattikā.

taṇhā: taṇhā-, N.f.: thirst, craving. Nom.Sg. = taṇhā.

na, neg.: not.

List of Abbreviations

atthi, V.: is. The verb root is as- (to be). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = atthi.
Euphonic combination: na + atthi = natthi.

kuhiñci, Adv.: anywhere.

netave, V.inf.: in order to carry away. The verb root is nī- (to lead, to carry, to take). The infinitive in -tave is very old, actually from Vedic Sanskrit. It has the meaning of "in order to" or "so as to".

taṃ: tad-, Pron.: that. Acc.Sg.m. = taṃ.

buddham: buddha-, Adj.: awakened. It is a p.p. of the verb root budh- (to awaken). As a N.m.: Awakened One, Enlightened One, a being who has attained the Nirvana. The historical Buddha Shakyamuni. Acc.Sg. = buddham.

List of Abbreviations

anantagocaraṃ: anantagocara-, Adj.: having an endless sphere. It is a compound of:
    ananta-, Adj.: endless, infinite. It is the word anta-, N.n.: end, with the negative prefix an-.
    gocara-, N.m.: pasture, sphere. This can be further analyzed as:
        go-, N.m.: cow
        cara-, N.m.: going, walking. Derived from the verb car- (to walk, to roam).
Acc.Sg.m. = anantagocaraṃ.

apadaṃ: apada-, Adj.: trackless. It is the word pada-, N.n.: track, with the negative prefix a-.
Acc.Sg.m. = apadaṃ.

kena: kiṃ-, Inter.Pron.: who, what. Ins.Sg.n. = kena.

padena: pada-, N.n.: track, path. Ins.Sg. = padena.

nessatha, V.: [you] will destroy, will ruin. It is a future tense of the caus. of the verb root nas- (to perish, to be destroyed). 2.Pl.act.caus.fut. = nessatha.

List of Abbreviations

    This verse consists of two related sentences. They are:
    1) yassa jālinī visattikā taṇhā n'atthi kuhiñci netave (whose ensnaring craving and thirst that could carry him away does not exist anywhere). There are two subjects, the nouns visattikā (craving, nominative singular) and taṇhā (thirst, nominative singular). They have two attributes, the adjective jālinī (ensnaring, nominative singular) and the relative pronoun yassa (whose, genitive singular). The verb atthi (is, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense) is negated by the negative particle na (not). It has two attributes, the adverb kuhiñci (anywhere) and the infinitive netave (so as to carry [him] away).
    2) taṃ buddham anantagocaraṃ apadaṃ kena padena nessatha (by what way will you destroy such an Awakened one, trackless and of endless sphere?). The subject is omitted; the verb implies the second person plural pronoun. The verb is nessatha ([you] will destroy, 2nd person, plural, active, causative, future). It has an attribute, the noun padena (by way, instrumental singular). This in turn has the interrogative pronoun kena (by what, instrumental singular) as an attribute. The object is the noun buddham (Awakened One, accusative singular). It has three attributes, the pronoun taṃ (that, accusative singular), the compound anantagocaraṃ (of endless sphere, accusative singular) and the adjective apadaṃ (trackless, accusative singular).




Commentary:

    The commentarial story for this verse is identical with the story for the previous verse (see DhP 179).
    As the Buddha has eradicated all cravings, destroyed all roots of evil, these cannot "lead" him anywhere, there are no more rebirths for him. Nobody can trace him or destroy him.




Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

yassa
jālinī
visattikā
taṇhā
na
atthi
kuhiñci
netave
taṃ
buddham
anantagocaraṃ
ananta
gocaraṃ
apadaṃ
kena
padena
nessatha