Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Whose ensnaring craving and thirst that could carry him
away does not exist anywhere,
by what way will you destroy such an Awakened one, trackless
and of endless sphere?
yassa
jālinī
visattikā taṇhā
na atthi kuhiñci
netave
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Rel.Pron.m. Adj.f.
N.f. N.f. neg.
V.act.in. Adv. V.inf.
Gen.Sg. Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg.
Nom.Sg. | 3.Sg.pres. |
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List of Abbreviations
taṃ
buddham ananta+gocaraṃ apadaṃ
kena padena nessatha
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Pron.m. N.m. Adj.
Adj.m. Adj.m. Pron.n. N.n.
V.act.caus.
Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. |
Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg. Ins.Sg. Ins.Sg. 2.Pl.fut.
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yassa: yat-, Rel.Pron.: that, which. Gen.Sg.m. = yassa (whose).
jālinī: jālinī-, Adj.f.: ensnaring, deceptive. It is the word jāla-, N.n.: net, snare, with the possessive suffix -in (in feminine -inī). Nom.Sg. = jālinī.
visattikā: visattikā-, N.f.: craving, lust, desire. It is a synonym of taṇhā. Nom.Sg. = visattikā.
taṇhā: taṇhā-, N.f.: thirst, craving. Nom.Sg. = taṇhā.
na, neg.: not.
List of Abbreviations
atthi, V.: is. The verb root is as- (to
be). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = atthi.
Euphonic combination: na + atthi = natthi.
kuhiñci, Adv.: anywhere.
netave, V.inf.: in order to carry away. The verb root is nī- (to lead, to carry, to take). The infinitive in -tave is very old, actually from Vedic Sanskrit. It has the meaning of "in order to" or "so as to".
taṃ: tad-, Pron.: that. Acc.Sg.m. = taṃ.
buddham: buddha-, Adj.: awakened. It is a p.p. of the verb root budh- (to awaken). As a N.m.: Awakened One, Enlightened One, a being who has attained the Nirvana. The historical Buddha Shakyamuni. Acc.Sg. = buddham.
List of Abbreviations
anantagocaraṃ: anantagocara-,
Adj.: having an endless sphere. It is a compound of:
ananta-, Adj.: endless, infinite.
It is the word anta-, N.n.: end, with the negative prefix an-.
gocara-, N.m.: pasture, sphere.
This can be further analyzed as:
go-,
N.m.: cow
cara-,
N.m.: going, walking. Derived from the verb car- (to walk, to roam).
Acc.Sg.m. = anantagocaraṃ.
apadaṃ: apada-,
Adj.: trackless. It is the word pada-, N.n.: track, with the negative
prefix a-.
Acc.Sg.m. = apadaṃ.
kena: kiṃ-, Inter.Pron.: who, what. Ins.Sg.n. = kena.
padena: pada-, N.n.: track, path. Ins.Sg. = padena.
nessatha, V.: [you] will destroy, will ruin. It is a future tense of the caus. of the verb root nas- (to perish, to be destroyed). 2.Pl.act.caus.fut. = nessatha.
List of Abbreviations
This verse consists of two related
sentences. They are:
1) yassa jālinī
visattikā taṇhā
n'atthi kuhiñci netave (whose ensnaring
craving and thirst that could carry him away does not exist anywhere).
There are two subjects, the nouns visattikā
(craving, nominative singular) and taṇhā
(thirst, nominative singular). They have two attributes, the adjective
jālinī
(ensnaring, nominative singular) and the relative pronoun yassa
(whose, genitive singular). The verb atthi (is, 3rd person,
singular, active, indicative, present tense) is negated by the negative
particle na (not). It has two attributes, the adverb kuhiñci
(anywhere) and the infinitive netave (so as to carry [him] away).
2) taṃ
buddham anantagocaraṃ apadaṃ
kena padena nessatha (by what way will you destroy such an Awakened
one, trackless and of endless sphere?). The subject is omitted; the verb
implies the second person plural pronoun. The verb is nessatha ([you]
will destroy, 2nd person, plural, active, causative, future).
It has an attribute, the noun padena (by way, instrumental singular).
This in turn has the interrogative pronoun kena (by what, instrumental
singular) as an attribute. The object is the noun buddham (Awakened
One, accusative singular). It has three attributes, the pronoun taṃ
(that, accusative singular), the compound anantagocaraṃ
(of endless sphere, accusative singular) and the adjective apadaṃ
(trackless, accusative singular).
The commentarial story for this verse
is identical with the story for the previous verse (see DhP 179).
As the Buddha has eradicated all cravings,
destroyed all roots of evil, these cannot "lead" him anywhere, there are
no more rebirths for him. Nobody can trace him or destroy him.
Word pronunciation:
yassa
jālinī
visattikā
taṇhā
na
atthi
kuhiñci
netave
taṃ
buddham
anantagocaraṃ
ananta
gocaraṃ
apadaṃ
kena
padena
nessatha