Gāthā Sentence Translation Sentence Structure
Vocabulary&Grammar Commentary Pronunciation
                          List of Abbreviations

api dibbesu kāmesu ratiṃ so nādhigacchati

taṇhakkhayarato hoti sammāsambuddhasāvako

(DhP 187)




Sentence Translation:

[continued from DhP 186]
he does not find liking even for divine pleasures.
A student of the truly and completely Awakened One is devoted to destruction of cravings.




Sentence Structure:
List of Abbreviations

api  dibbesu kāmesu   ratiṃ      so       na  adhigacchati
|           |           |            |           |          |          |
part. Adj.m.   N.m.     N.f.    Pron.m. neg.  V.act.in.
|       Loc.Pl. Loc.Pl. Acc.Sg. Nom.Sg.  |     3.Sg.pres.
|           |______|            |           |          |______|
|_________|                  |           |                |
        |_______________|           |                |
                     |______________|_________|
                                  |_______|

List of Abbreviations

taṇha+kkhaya+rato        hoti    sammā+sambuddha+sāvako
|             |           |             |           |              |               |
N.f.     N.m.  Adj.m.   V.act.in.  Adv.       Adj.          N.m.
|_______|     Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres.   |________|          Nom.Sg.
      |__________|              |                 |_____________|
               |_____________|                             |
                           |_______________________|




Vocabulary and Grammar:
List of Abbreviations

api, part.: also, as well, even (often spelled pi).

dibbesu: dibba-, Adj.: divine, heavenly. Loc.Sg.m. = dibbesu.

kāmesu: kāma-, N.m.: sense-pleasure, sense desire. Loc.Pl. = kāmesu.

ratiṃ: rati-, N.f.: love, attachment, liking for. Acc.Sg. = ratiṃ.

so: tad-, Pron.n.: it. Nom.Sg.m. = so.

na, neg.: not.

adhigacchati, V.: find, obtain. The verb root is gam- (to go) with the prefix adhi- (above, towards). 3.Sg.act.pres.in. = adhigacchati.
Euphonic combination: na + adhigacchati = nādhigacchati.

List of Abbreviations

taṇhakkhayarato: taṇhakkhayarata-, Adj.: devoted to destruction of cravings. It is a compound of:
    taṇhā-, N.f.: thirst, craving.
    khaya-, N.m.: destruction, dissolution, end.
    rata-, Adj.: devoted. It is a p.p. of the verb ram- (to delight in, to be devoted to).
Euphonic combination: taṇhā- + khaya- = taṇhakkhaya-.
Nom.Sg.m. = taṇhakkhayarato.

hoti, V. is. The verb root is bhū- (to be). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = bhavati or hoti.

sammāsambuddhasāvako: sammāsambuddhasāvaka-, N.m.: student of the truly and completely Awakened One. It is a compound of:
    sammāsambuddha-, N.m.: truly and completely Awakened One. This denotes the Buddha Shakyamuni. It can be further analyzed as:
        sammā, Adv.: properly, rightly, as it should be, truly.
        sambuddha-, Adj.: completely awakened. It is a p.p. of the verb sam+budh-, to awaken completely. Prefix sam- denotes the completeness of the action, "together", "wholy". The verb budh- means to wake up.
    sāvaka-, N.m.: , "listener", student, pupil. It is derived from the verb root su- (to hear, to listen).
Nom.Sg. = sammāsambuddhasāvako.

List of Abbreviations

    This verse consists of two syntactically separate sentences. They are:
    1) api dibbesu kāmesu ratiṃ so nādhigacchati (he does not find liking even for divine pleasures). The subject of this sentence is the pronoun so (he, nominative singular). The verb is adhigacchati (finds, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). It is negated by the negative particle na (not). The object is the noun ratiṃ (pleasure, accusative singular). It has an attribute, the noun kāmesu (in pleasures, locative plural). This word has itself an attribute, the adjective dibbesu (in divine, locative plural). It is further modified by the particle api (even).
    2) taṇhakkhayarato hoti sammāsambuddhasāvako (a student of the truly and completely Awakened One is devoted to destruction of cravings). The subject is the compound sammāsambuddhasāvako (a student of the truly and completely Awakened One, nominative singular). The verb is hoti (is, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective compound taṇhakkhayarato (devoted to destruction of cravings, nominative singular).




Commentary:

    The story for this verse is identical with the one for the previous verse (DhP 187).
    It is a well-known fact that people are never satisfied with what they have. Even millionaires want to become billionaires; even kings want to become emperors. So the Buddha's message is rather simple: be satisfied with little and rather strive for the spiritual perfection, do not wish for worldly possessions.




Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

api
dibbesu
kāmesu
ratiṃ
so
na
adhigacchati
taṇhakkhayarato
taṇhā
khaya
rato
hoti
sammāsambuddhasāvako
sammāsambuddha
sammā
sambuddha
sāvako