Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
The good repute of someone, who is
energetic, mindful, of pure deeds, acting
considerately, self-controlled, living righteously and conscientious,
increases.
uṭṭhānavato satīmato suci+kammassa
nisamma+kārino
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Adj.m. Adj.m. Adj. N.m. Adv. Adj.m.
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List of Abbreviations
saññatassa dhamma+jīvino a+ppamattassa
yaso abhivaḍḍhati
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Adj.m. N.m. Adj.m. neg. Adj.m. N.n. V.act.in.
Gen.Sg. | Gen.Sg. | Gen.Sg. Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres.
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uṭṭhānavato: uṭṭhānavant-, Adj.: energetic, strenuous, active. The word uṭṭhāna-, N.n.: exertion, zeal, energy (derived from the verb ṭhā-,to stand, with the prefix ud-, up) with the possessive suffix -vant. Gen.Sg.m. = uṭṭhānavato.
satīmato: satimant-, Adj.: mindful, wakeful. The word sati-, N.f.: mindfulness, wakefulness, alertness, with the possessive suffix -mant. The form satīmant- is used in poetry. Gen.Sg.m. = satīmato.
sucikammassa: sucikamma-,
N.m.: [a person] of pure actions. A compound of:
suci-, Adj.: clear, pure.
kamma-, N.n.: deed, action. Derived from the verb kar-,
to do.
Gen.Sg. of the compound = sucikammassa.
List of Abbreviations
nisammakārino: nisammakārin-, N.m.: [a person] acting considerately. A compound
of:
nisamma-, Adv.: carefully, considerately. Originally
a ger. of the verb sam- (to be
appeased, to be calmed) with the prefix ni- (down).
kārin-, Adj.m.: acting, doing. Derived from the verb kar-
(to do).
Gen.Sg. of the compound = nisammakārino.
saññatassa: saññata-, Adj.: restrained, self-controlled. A p.p. of the verb yam- (to restrain, to become tranquil) with the prefix sam- (together). Gen.Sg. = saññatassa.
dhammajīvino: dhammajīvin-, N.m.: living righteously. A compound of:
dhamma-, N.m.: Law, Buddha's teaching, righteousness.
Derived from
the verb dha-, to hold.
jīvin-, Adj.m.: living. Derived from the verb jīv-
(to live).
Gen.Sg. of the compound = dhammajīvino.
List of Abbreviations
appamattassa: appamatta-,
Adj.: conscientious, non-negligent. A negated (by the negative prefix a-)
word pamatta-, Adj.: negligent. It is a p.p. of the verb mad- (to
be intoxicated) with the strengthening prefix pa- (thus pamajjati
= to be careless, to neglect).
Doubled p is due to the euphonic combination (a +
pamatta = appamatta).
Gen.Sg.m. = appamattassa.
yaso: yasa-, N.n.: glory, fame, repute. Nom.Sg. = yaso.
abhivaḍḍhati, V.: increases, grows. The verb vaḍḍh- (to grow) with the prefix abhi- (all over, fully). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = abhivaḍḍhati.
List of Abbreviations
The subject of this sentence is the word yaso (good
repute, nominative singular). The verb is abhivaḍḍhati (grows, 3rd
person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). The subject has seven
attributes, all of which are in genitive singular. They are: uṭṭhānavato
(of an energetic one), satīmato (of a mindful one), sucikammassa
(of a person of pure deeds), nisammakārino (of one who is acting considerately),
saññatassa (of a self-controlled one), dhammajīvino (of one living
righteously) and appamattassa (of a conscientious one).
The story says that there was an
heir of a rich family, named Kumbhaghosaka, once in the city of Rājagaha. His
parents died in the epidemic and he alone escaped and lived in the forest for
some time. When he returned, nobody recognized him. He did not want to use the
family wealth (which was buried in a safe place) out of fear that people might
think he found it accidentally and thus the king might confiscate it. So he
found a job (waking people in the morning) and lived a poor life.
But the king saw him once and recognized that his voice and
manners are of a man of great wealth. He then sent his maid to investigate.
At the end he summoned Kumbhaghosaka to the court. There the young man told
him the story and the king made him a banker and gave his daughter in marriage
to him.
When the Buddha heard about it, he spoke this verse.
If one always acts properly, with energy and mindfulness,
applies self-control and consideration, is always conscientious, his good repute
will increase, because people will know that he is a man of honor, that they
can trust him. And they will report this to the others - who will then come
to see for themselves, again telling other people about this. So the good word
will spread around and everybody will trust such a person.
Word pronunciation:
uṭṭhānavato
satīmato
sucikammassa
nisammakārino
saññatassa
dhammajīvino
appamattassa
yaso
abhivaḍḍhati