One is not a monk because one begs almsfood from others.
If one follows the life of a householder, one is not a monk because of that.

na    tena    bhikkhu     hoti      yāvatā   bhikkhate   pare
|          |            |             |             |              |             |
neg. Pron.     N.m.    V.act.in.  Rel.Adv. V.act.in.   Adj.m.
|      Ins.Sg. Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres.     |        3.Sg.pres. Acc.Pl.
|______|______|_______|              |              |_______|
           |       |__|                           |___________|
           |_____|                                       |
                |________________________|

List of Abbreviations

vissaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya bhikkhu    hoti       na  tāvatā
|                 |               |              |             |          |        |
Adj.m.     N.m.      V.ger.       N.m.     V.act.in. neg.  Adv.
Acc.Sg.  Acc.Sg.         |        Nom.Sg. 3.Sg.pres.  |        |
|_________|                |              |            |______|        |
        |______________|             |                  |________|
                      |                         |______________|
                      |_____________________|

na, neg.: not.

tena: tad-, Pron.: it. Ins.Sg.n. = tena (by it, because of it).

bhikkhu: bhikkhu-, N.m.: a (Buddhist) monk. Nom.Sg. = bhikkhu.

hoti, V. is. The verb root is bhū- (to be). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = bhavati or hoti.

yāvatā, Rel.Adv.: as far as, because.

List of Abbreviations

bhikkhate, V.: begs (for almsfood). The verb root is bhikkh-. 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = bhikkhate.

pare: para-, Adj.: other. Acc.Pl.m. = pare.

vissaṃ: vissa-, Adj.: all, every, entire. Acc.Sg.m. = vissaṃ. This word in this context is very strange. The meaning would be "one is not a monk if one is observing the Dharma completely", which is just the opposite of what we would expect. The commentary explains this word by visama-, Adj. (disharmonious, contrary, wrong). But other versions of the Dhammapada (Gandhari and Sanskrit) use the word veśma-, N.n. (house). The meaning therefore would be "teaching of the houses", "life of a householder".

dhammaṃ: dhamma-, N.m.: here not as the Dharma (Buddha's Teaching), but rather in a more general meaning: teaching, way. Acc.Sg. = dhammaṃ.

List of Abbreviations

samādāya, V.ger.: having undertaken, observing. The verb root is dā- (to give) with the prefixes sam- (completely) and ā- (towards).

bhikkhu: see above.

hoti: see above.

na: see above.

tāvatā, Adv.: on that account, thus.

List of Abbreviations

    This verse consists of two syntactically separate sentences. They are:
    1) na tena bhikkhu hoti yāvatā bhikkhate pare (one is not a monk because one begs almsfood from others). This can be analysed into two parts:
    a) na tena bhikkhu hoti (one is not a monk). The subject is omitted; the verb implies the third person singular pronoun. The verb is hoti (is, 3^rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). It is negated by the negative particle na (not). The object is the noun bhikkhu (monk, nominative singular). The pronoun tena (by that, instrumental singular) connects this part to the following one.
    b) yāvatā bhikkhate pare (because one begs almsfood from others). The subject is omitted; the verb implies the third person singular pronoun. The verb is bhikkhate (begs, 3^rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective pare (others, accusative plural). The relative adverb yāvatā (because) connects this part to the previous one.
    2) vissaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya bhikkhu hoti na tāvatā (if one follows the life of a householder, one is not a monk because of that). This can be further analysed into two segments:
    a) vissaṃ dhammaṃ samādāya (if one follows the life of a householder). The subject is omitted; the verb implies the third person singular pronoun. The verb is in gerund (samādāya, having undertaken). The object is the noun dhammaṃ (teaching, accusative singular). It has an attribute, the adjective vissaṃ (for meaning see the Vocabulary, accusative singular).
    b) bhikkhu hoti na tāvatā (one is not a monk because of that). The subject is omitted; the verb implies the third person singular pronoun. The verb is hoti (is, 3^rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). It is negated by the negative particle na (not). The object is the noun bhikkhu (monk, nominative singular). The adverb tāvatā (by that) connects this segment to the previous one.

    There was a brahmin, who had the habit of going on almsround begging for almsfood, just as the Buddha's monks did. Therefore, he thought he was also to be called a monk. He went to see the Buddha and told him this idea. The Buddha reprimanded him with this verse (and the following one, DhP 267).

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

na
tena
bhikkhu
hoti
yāvatā
bhikkhate
pare
vissaṃ
dhammaṃ
samādāya
tāvatā