Gāthā Sentence Translation Sentence Structure
Vocabulary&Grammar Commentary Pronunciation
                          List of Abbreviations

saritāni sinehitāni ca somanassāni bhavanti jantuno

te sātasitā sukhesino te ve jātijarūpagā narā

(DhP 341)




Sentence Translation:

People experience joy that is flowing in from the senses and is full of desires.
Those people attached to pleasure and desiring happiness, will undergo birth and old age.




Sentence Structure:
List of Abbreviations

saritāni sinehitāni   ca somanassāni bhavanti   jantuno
|                  |          |           |                |             |
Adj.n.     Adj.n.   conj.    N.n.        V.act.in.    N.m.
Nom.Pl. Nom.Pl.    |     Nom.Pl.    3.Pl.pres. Gen.Sg.
|__________|          |           |                |_______|
         |___________|           |                       |
                   |____________|                       |
                                |__________________|

List of Abbreviations

te          sāta+sitā     sukha+esino        te       ve   jāti+jarā+upagā     narā
|               |       |           |         |            |          |       |      |        |            |
Pron.m. N.n. Adj.m. N.n.  Adj.m.  Pron.m. part. N.f. N.f. Adj.m.    N.m.
Nom.Pl.   |   Nom.Pl.    |   Nom.Pl. Nom.Pl.    |       |___|  Nom.Pl. Nom.Pl.
|               |____|           |_____|            |______|          |______|            |
|                   |___________|                       |                     |                 |
|________________|___________________|___________|__________|
                |_______|                                                       |
                       |__________________________________|




Vocabulary and Grammar:
List of Abbreviations

saritāni: sarita-, Adj. flowing, set into motion. It is a p.p. of the verb root sar- (to flow).
Nom.Pl.n. = saritāni.

sinehitāni: sinehita-, Adj.: lustful, full of desire. It is a p.p. of the verb root sineh-, to lust, to desire. Nom.Pl.n. = sinehitāni.

ca, conj.: and.

somanassāni: somanassa-, N.n.: happiness, joy, delight. Nom.Pl. = somanassāni.

bhavanti, V.: are. The verb root is bhū- (to be). 3.Pl.act.in.pres. = bhavanti.

jantuno: jantu-, N.m.: being, person, man. Gen.Sg. = jantuno.

te: tat-, Pron.: that. Masculine form sa. Nom.Pl. = te.

List of Abbreviations

sātasitā: sātasita-, Adj.: attached to pleasure. It is a compound of:
    sāta-, N.n.: pleasure, joy.
    sita-, Adj.: attached to, clinging to. It is a p.p. of the verb root si- (to lay)
Nom.Pl. = sātasitā.

sukhesino: sukhesin-, Adj.: desiring happiness. It is a compound of:
    sukha-, N.n.: happiness.
    esin-, Adj.: seeking, wishing, desiring. It is an a.pr.p. of the verb root is- (to desire, to want).
Euphonic combination: sukha- + esin- = sukhesin-.
Nom.Pl.m. = sukhesino.

List of Abbreviations

te: see above.

ve, part.: indeed.

jātijarūpagā: jātijarūpaga-, Adj.: undergoing birth and old age. It is a compound of:
    jāti-, N.f.: birth, rebirth.
    jarā-, N.f.: old age.
    upaga-, Adj.: experiencing, coming to, undergoing. It is derived from the verb root gam- (to go) with the prefix upa- (near, close).
Euphonic combination: jarā- + upaga- = jarūpaga-.
Nom.Pl.m. = jātijarūpagā.

narā: nara-, N.m.: man, person. Nom.Pl. = narā.

List of Abbreviations

    This verse consists of two syntactically separate sentences. They are:
    1) saritāni sinehitāni ca somanassāni bhavanti jantuno (people experience joy that is flowing in from the senses and is full of desires). The subject is the noun somanassāni (joys, nominative plural). It has two attributes, the adjectives saritāni (flowing, nominative plural) and sinehitāni (full of desires, nominative plural). They are connected by the conjunction ca (and). The verb is bhavanti (are, 3rd person, plural, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the noun jantuno (of a person, genitive singular).
    2) te sātasitā sukhesino te ve jātijarūpagā narā (those people attached to pleasure and desiring happiness, will undergo birth and old age). The subject is the noun narā (people, nominative plural). It has three attributes: a) the pronoun te (they, nominative plural), b) the compound sātasitā (attached to pleasure, nominative plural), c) the compound sukhesino (desiring happiness, nominative plural) and d) the second pronoun te (they, nominative plural). This last word is stressed by the particle ve (indeed). The verb is omitted, implying the verb "to be". The object is the compound jātijarūpagā (undergoing birth and old age, nominative plural).




Commentary:

    The story for this verse is identical with the one for the three previous verses (DhP 338, Dhp 339 and Dhp 340) and for the two following verses (DhP 342 and DhP 343).
    Our senses bring in all kinds of data. We are attached to the pleasures coming from these senses. Because of that, we create positive and negative karma and this karma will come into fruition in the future as more births and deaths for us. The solution is to cut off the attachment to this pleasure and with equanimity concentrate on the highest goal, the Awakenment.




Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

saritāni
sinehitāni
ca
somanassāni
bhavanti
jantuno
te
sātasitā
sāta
sitā
sukhesino
sukha
esino
ve
jātijarūpagā
jāti
jarā
upagā
narā