Who has overcome this danger, bad place, round of rebirth and delusion,
who has crossed, gone over to the opposite shore, is meditating, free from craving and doubts,
who is emancipated and without clinging - him do I call a Brahmin.

yo                imaṃ paḷipathaṃ duggaṃ saṃsāraṃ moham accagā
|                       |            |              |             |             |            |
Rel.Pron.m. Pron.m.  N.m.       N.m.       N.m.      N.m.     V.act.
Nom.Sg.      Acc.Sg. Acc.Sg.   Acc.Sg.   Acc.Sg.   Acc.Sg. 3.Sg.aor.
|                       |            |________|_______|________|           |
|                       |___________________|                                |
|                                      |_____________________________|
|____________________________________|_________________________I.
                                  |_________________|
                                                 |__________________________________III.

List of Abbreviations

tiṇṇo      pāra+gato         jhāyī     anejo akathaṅkathī
|                |       |               |            |              |
Adj.m.    N.n. Adj.m.    Adj.m.   Adj.m.    Adj.m.
Nom.Sg.    |   Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg. Nom.Sg.
|                |____|               |            |              |
|___________|___________|______|________|
                              |_____________________________________________II.
I._________________________________|

List of Abbreviations

anupādāya nibbuto   tam       ahaṃ      brūmi  brāhmaṇaṃ
|                     |           |             |              |             |
V.ger.       Adj.m.  Pron.m.    Pron.    V.act.in.    N.m.
|              Nom.Sg. Acc.Sg.  Nom.Sg. 1.Sg.pres. Acc.Sg.
|____________|           |             |              |             |
II._____|                     |_______|________|_______|
                                               |               |____|
                                               |___________|
III._____________________________|

yo: yad-, Rel.Pron.: that which. Nom.Sg.m. = yo.

imaṃ: idaṃ, Pron.: this. Acc.Sg.m. = imaṃ.

paḷipathaṃ: paḷipatha-, N.m.: danger, obstacle. Acc.Sg. = paḷipathaṃ.

duggaṃ: dugga-, N.m.: bad place, difficult road. It is derived from the verb root gam- (to go) and the prefix du- (bad, difficult). Acc.Sg. = duggaṃ.

saṃsāraṃ: saṃsāra-, N.m.: perpetual wandering, round of rebirth. It is derived from the verb root sar- (to flow, to move along) with the prefix saṃ- (together). Thus saṃsarati = to move about continuously. Acc.Sg. = saṃsāraṃ.

List of Abbreviations

moham: moha-, N.m.: delusion, bewilderment. Derived from the verb muh- (to get bevildered).
Acc.Sg. = moham.

accagā, V.: escape, pass, go by. The verb root is gam- (to go) with the prefix ati- (by, beyond). 3.Sg.act.aor. = accagā.

tiṇṇo: tiṇṇa-, Adj.: overcome, crossed. It is a p.p. of the verb root tar- (to cross). Nom.Sg.m. = tiṇṇo.

List of Abbreviations

pāragato: pāragata-, Adj.: gone to the opposite shore. It is a compound of:
    pāra-, N.n.: the opposite shore, the other side.
    gata-, Adj.: gone. It is a p.p. of the verb gam- (to go).
Nom.Sg.m. = pāragato.

jhāyī: jhāyin-, Adj.m.: meditating. Derived from the verb jhe- (to meditate). Nom.Sg.m. = jhāyī.

anejo: aneja-, Adj.: free from craving. It is the word ejā-, N.f.: craving, negated by the negative prefix -an. Nom.Sg.m. = anejo.

akathaṅkathī: akathaṅkathin-, Adj.: without doubts. It is the word kathaṅkathin- (having doubts, a compound of: kathaṃ, Adv.: how? and kathā, Adv.: how?, with the possessive suffix -in) negated by the negative prefix a-. Nom.Sg.m. = akathaṅkathī.

List of Abbreviations

anupādāya, V.ger.: not clinging, not attached. It is a negated (by the negative prefix an-) ger. of the verb upādiyati (to cling, to be attached). This verb can be analyzed as the root dā- (to give) with the prefix ā- (towards). Thus ādiyati means take up, seize, grasp. Further, the prefix upa- (nearness, close touch) is also added.

nibbuto: nibbuta-, Adj.: emancipated, free, reached the Nirvana. It is a p.p. of the verb root vā- (to blow) with the prefix ni- (off, out). Nom.Sg.m. = nibbuto.

tam: tad-, Pron.: it. Masculine form: so-, he. Acc.Sg. = tam (him).

ahaṃ, Pron.: I. Nom.Sg. = ahaṃ.

brūmi, V.: [I] say, proclaim. The verb root is brū-. 1.Sg.act.in.pres. = brūmi.

brāhmaṇaṃ: brāhmaṇa-, N.m.: Brahmin, a holy man. Acc.Sg. = brāhmaṇaṃ.

List of Abbreviations

    This verse consists of two related sentences. They are:
    1) yo imaṃ paḷipathaṃ duggaṃ saṃsāraṃ moham accagā tiṇṇo pāragato jhāyī anejo akathaṅkathī (who has overcome this danger, bad place, round of rebirth and delusion, who has crossed, gone over to the opposite shore, is meditating, free from craving and doubts). The subject is the relative pronoun yo (who, nominative singular). It has five attributes, the adjectives tiṇṇo (crossed, nominative singular), pāragato (gone over to the opposite shore, nominative singular), jhāyī (meditating, nominative singular), anejo (free from craving, nominative singular) and akathaṅkathī (free from doubts, nominative singular). The verb is accagā (overcame, 3^rd person, singular, active, aorist). There are five objects, the pronoun imaṃ (this, accusative singular) and the nouns paḷipathaṃ (danger, accusative singular), duggaṃ (bad place, accusative singular), saṃsāraṃ (round of rebirth, accusative singular) and moham (delusion, accusative singular).
    2) tam ahaṃ brūmi brāhmaṇaṃ (him do I call a Brahmin). The subject is the pronoun ahaṃ (I, nominative singular). The verb is brūmi ([I] say, 1^st person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the noun brāhmaṇaṃ (Brahmin, accusative singular). It has an attribute, the pronoun tam (him, accusative singular).

    A princess named Suppavāsa was pregnant for an unusually long time. She contemplated on the Three Jewels and then sent for the Buddha asking him for help. The Buddha recited, "May Suppavāsa be free from danger, may she give birth to a healthy son." Just as these words were said, Suppavāsa gave birth to a son.
    When he grew up, he became a monk named Sīvali. Very quickly he attaind the Arahantship and was then famous for being able to receive offerings without difficulty.
    Once some monks asked why was his mother pregnant for such a long time. The Buddha said that in one of his previous life, Sīvali was a prince who lost his kingdom and on an advice from his mother he besieged the city of his rival. As a result, the people of that city were hungry for several days. For this deed, Sīvali and his mother had to suffer during the pregnancy and delivery.

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

yo
imaṃ
paḷipathaṃ
duggaṃ
saṃsāraṃ
moham
accagā
tiṇṇo
pāragato
pāra
gato
jhāyī
anejo
akathaṅkathī
anupādāya
nibbuto
tam
ahaṃ
brūmi
brāhmaṇaṃ