Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Just like a beautiful flower, colorful
and with smell,
is a well said speech of somebody, who does act accordingly.
yathā pi ruciraṃ pupphaṃ
vaṇṇavantaṃ sa+gandhakaṃ
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Rel.Adv. conj. Adj.n. N.n. N.n. Pref. Adj.n.
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List of Abbreviations
evaṃ subhāsitā vācā sa+phalā
hoti sa+kubbato
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Adv. Adj.f. N.f. Pref. Adj.f. V.act.in. Pref. Adj.m.
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yathā, Rel.Adv.: just as.
pi, conj.: also, too.
ruciraṃ: rucira-, Adj.: beautiful, pleasant. Nom.Sg.n. = ruciraṃ.
pupphaṃ: puppha-, N.n.: flower. Nom.Sg. = pupphaṃ.
List of Abbreviations
vaṇṇavantaṃ: vaṇṇavant-, Adj.: having color, colorful. It is the word vaṇṇa-, N.m.: color, with the possessive suffix -vant-. Nom.Sg.n. = vaṇṇavantaṃ (the more usual is vaṇṇavaṃ, but for the sake of the meter, this form was used here).
sagandhakaṃ: sagandhaka-,
Adj.: smelling. The word gandhaka-, Adj.: smelling. This word is derived
from the word gandha-, N.m.: smell by adding the adjective suffix -ka-.
To the word gandhaka-, the prefix sa- (with-) is added.
Nom.Sg.n. = sagandhakaṃ.
evaṃ, Adv.: thus, so.
List of Abbreviations
subhāsitā: subhāsita-, Adj.: well said. It is the word bhāsita (well said, the p.p. of the verb bhās-, to speak) with the prefix su- (good, well). Nom.Sg.f. = subhāsitā.
vācā: vācā-, N.f.: speech (derived from the verb root vac-, to speak). Nom.Sg. = vācā.
saphalā: saphala-, Adj.: fruitful. It is the word phala-, N.n.: fruit, with the prefix sa- (with). Nom.Sg.f. = saphalā.
hoti, V. is. The verb root is bhū- (to be). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = bhavati or hoti.
sakubbato: sakubbant-, Adj.: with doing. It is the word kubbant-, Adj.: doing, which is an a.pr.p. of the verb root kar- (to do), with the prefix sa- (with). Gen.Sg.m.= sakubbato.
List of Abbreviations
The two lines of this verse form
two sentences. In the first one, the subject is pupphaṃ (flower, nominative
singular) with three attributes: 1) ruciraṃ (beautiful, nominative singular),
2) vaṇṇavantaṃ (colorful, nominative singular) and 3) sagandhakaṃ
(with smell, nominative singular). The verb is omitted, implying the verb "to
be" (hoti from the second line). The relative adverb yathā (just
as), which forms a quite common phrase yathā pi (same meaning) with the
conjunction pi (also), connects this sentence to the next one.
In the second sentence, the subject is the word vācā
(speech, nominative singular), with two attributes, the adjective subhāsitā
(well said, nominative singular) and the active present participle sakubbato
(of the doing one, genitive singular). The verb is hoti (is, 3rd
person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective
aphalā (fruitful, nominative singular). The adverb evaṃ (thus,
so) connects this sentence to the previous one.
The story for this verse is the
same as for the previous one.
One who speaks well, who often admonishes others, but does
not act according to one’s own speech speaks in vain. His words are just as
a beautiful flower that does not smell. Only when one acts as well as one speak,
one's speech can be considered well said, like a nice flower that also smells
nicely.
Word pronunciation:
yathā
pi
ruciraṃ
pupphaṃ
vaṇṇavantaṃ
sagandhakaṃ
evaṃ
subhāsitā
vācā
saphalā
hoti
sakubbato