Gāthā Sentence Translation Sentence Structure
Vocabulary&Grammar Commentary Pronunciation
List of Abbreviations

yathā pi ruciraṃ pupphaṃ vaṇṇavantaṃ sagandhakaṃ

evaṃ subhāsitā vācā saphalā hoti sakubbato

(DhP 52)



Sentence Translation:

Just like a beautiful flower, colorful and with smell,
is a well said speech of somebody, who does act accordingly.



Sentence Structure:

List of Abbreviations

yathā       pi     ruciraṃ   pupphaṃ vaṇṇavantaṃ sa+gandhakaṃ
|                |          |               |               |             |           |

Rel.Adv. conj.   Adj.n.       N.n.         N.n.       Pref.    Adj.n.

|_________|     Nom.Sg.  Nom.Sg.   Nom.Sg.      |      Nom.Sg.

        |                   |               |               |            |______|

        |                   |________|_________|__________|

        |                          |____|

        |_________________|

                       |_____________________________________________________

List of Abbreviations

evaṃ subhāsitā  vācā      sa+phalā           hoti        sa+kubbato
|            |               |          |         |               |           |          |

Adv.  Adj.f.        N.f.     Pref. Adj.f.     V.act.in.   Pref.  Adj.m.

|       Nom.Sg.  Nom.Sg.    |   Nom.Sg.  3.Sg.pres.    |     Gen.Sg.

|            |________|           |_____|               |           |_____|

|                    |                       |___________|                |

|                    |___________________|______________|

|                                          |_______|

|___________________________|

____________|



Vocabulary and Grammar:

List of Abbreviations

yathā, Rel.Adv.: just as.

pi, conj.: also, too.

ruciraṃ: rucira-, Adj.: beautiful, pleasant. Nom.Sg.n. = ruciraṃ.

pupphaṃ: puppha-, N.n.: flower. Nom.Sg. = pupphaṃ.

List of Abbreviations

vaṇṇavantaṃ: vaṇṇavant-, Adj.: having color, colorful. It is the word vaṇṇa-, N.m.: color, with the possessive suffix -vant-. Nom.Sg.n. = vaṇṇavantaṃ (the more usual is vaṇṇavaṃ, but for the sake of the meter, this form was used here).

sagandhakaṃ: sagandhaka-, Adj.: smelling. The word gandhaka-, Adj.: smelling. This word is derived from the word gandha-, N.m.: smell by adding the adjective suffix -ka-. To the word gandhaka-, the prefix sa- (with-) is added.
Nom.Sg.n. = sagandhakaṃ.

evaṃ, Adv.: thus, so.

List of Abbreviations

subhāsitā: subhāsita-, Adj.: well said. It is the word bhāsita (well said, the p.p. of the verb bhās-, to speak) with the prefix su- (good, well). Nom.Sg.f. = subhāsitā.

vācā: vācā-, N.f.: speech (derived from the verb root vac-, to speak). Nom.Sg. = vācā.

saphalā: saphala-, Adj.: fruitful. It is the word phala-, N.n.: fruit, with the prefix sa- (with). Nom.Sg.f. = saphalā.

hoti, V. is. The verb root is bhū- (to be). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = bhavati or hoti.

sakubbato: sakubbant-, Adj.: with doing. It is the word kubbant-, Adj.: doing, which is an a.pr.p. of the verb root kar- (to do), with the prefix sa- (with). Gen.Sg.m.= sakubbato.

List of Abbreviations

    The two lines of this verse form two sentences. In the first one, the subject is pupphaṃ (flower, nominative singular) with three attributes: 1) ruciraṃ (beautiful, nominative singular), 2) vaṇṇavantaṃ (colorful, nominative singular) and 3) sagandhakaṃ (with smell, nominative singular). The verb is omitted, implying the verb "to be" (hoti from the second line). The relative adverb yathā (just as), which forms a quite common phrase yathā pi (same meaning) with the conjunction pi (also), connects this sentence to the next one.
    In the second sentence, the subject is the word vācā (speech, nominative singular), with two attributes, the adjective subhāsitā (well said, nominative singular) and the active present participle sakubbato (of the doing one, genitive singular). The verb is hoti (is, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). The object is the adjective aphalā (fruitful, nominative singular). The adverb evaṃ (thus, so) connects this sentence to the previous one.



Commentary:

    The story for this verse is the same as for the previous one.
    One who speaks well, who often admonishes others, but does not act according to one’s own speech speaks in vain. His words are just as a beautiful flower that does not smell. Only when one acts as well as one speak, one's speech can be considered well said, like a nice flower that also smells nicely.



Sentence pronunciation:

Sentence pronunciation

Word pronunciation:

yathā
pi

ruciraṃ

pupphaṃ

vaṇṇavantaṃ

sagandhakaṃ

evaṃ

subhāsitā

vācā

saphalā

hoti

sakubbato