Gāthā | Sentence Translation | Sentence Structure |
Vocabulary&Grammar | Commentary | Pronunciation |
Thus, amidst the dust-like beings,
amongst ignorant ordinary people,
The disciple of the truly and completely Awakened One magnificently
shines with wisdom.
evaṃ saṅkāra+bhūtesu andha+bhūte puthu+jjane
| | | | | | |
Adv. N.m. N.m. Adj. Adj.m. Adj. N.m.
| | Loc.Pl. | Loc.Sg. | Loc.Sg.
| |_______| |_____| |____|
| | |__________|
| |_________________|
| |______________________________________I.
|__________________________________________________________II.
List of Abbreviations
atirocati paññāya sammā+sambuddha+sāvako
| | | | |
V.act.in. N.f. Adv. N.m. N.m.
3.Sg.pres. Ins.Sg. |________| Nom.Sg.
I.___| | |____________|
|__________| |
|______________________|
II.________________|
evaṃ, Adv.: thus.
saṅkārabhūtesu: saṅkārabhūta-, N.m.: "dust-being". It is a compound
of:
saṅkāra-, N.m.: rubbish, dust. Originally from saṃ-
+ kar- (to mix together).
bhūta-, N.m.: living being. Originally it is a p.p.
of the verb bhū- (to be).
Loc.Pl. = saṅkārabhūtesu.
andhabhūte: andhabhūta-, blinded, ignorant, not knowing.
andha-, Adj.: blind.
bhūta-, Adj.: being, having become. It is a p.p. of
the verb bhū- (to be) as above,
but the meaning is different.
Loc.Sg.m. = andhabhūte.
List of Abbreviations
puthujjane: puthujjana-,
N.m.: ordinary person.
puthu-, Adj.: various, many, most.
jana-, N.m.: human being, person.
Euphonic combination: puthu- + jana- = puthujjana-.
Loc.Sg. = puthujjane.
atirocati, V.: shines magnificently. It is the verb root ruc- (to shine) with the prefix ati- (extremely). 3.Sg.act.in.pres. = atirocati.
paññāya: paññā-, N.f.: wisdom. Ins.Sg. = paññāya.
List of Abbreviations
sammāsambuddhasāvako:
sammāsambuddhasāvaka-, N.m.: student of the truly and completely Awakened
One. It is a compound of:
sammāsambuddha-, N.m.: truly and completely Awakened
One. This denotes the
Buddha Shakyamuni. It can be further analyzed as:
sammā, Adv.: properly, rightly, as it should be, truly.
sambuddha-, Adj.: completely awakened. It is a
p.p. of the verb sam+budh-, to awaken
completely. Prefix
sam- denotes the completeness of the action, "together", "wholy".
The verb budh- means to wake up.
sāvaka-, N.m.: , "listener", student, pupil.
It is derived from the verb root su- (to hear, to listen).
Nom.Sg. = sammāsambuddhasāvako.
List of Abbreviations
The subject of this sentence is
the word sammāsambuddhasāvako (the disciple of the truly and completely
Awakened One, nominative singular). The verb is atirocati (magnificently
shines, 3rd person, singular, active, indicative, present tense). Main attribute
to the verb is the noun paññāya (by wisdom, instrumental singular). There
are two more attributes of place, saṅkārabhūtesu (amongst dust-like beings,
locative plural) and puthujjane (amongst ordinary people, locative singular).
This last noun has itself one attribute, the adjective andhabhūte (ignorant,
blinded, locative singular). The adverb evaṃ (thus) introduces the sentence
and connects it to the previous one (DhP 58).
The story to this verse is identical
to the previous one.
Just as a lotus can grow in a dirty place, but does not become
stained by it, so a true disciple of the Buddha lives in this world, but is
not dirtied by it in any way.
Word pronunciation:
evaṃ
saṅkārabhūtesu
saṅkāra
bhūtesu
andhabhūte
andha
bhūte
puthujjane
puthu
jane
atirocati
paññāya
sammāsambuddhasāvako
sammāsambuddha
sammā
sambuddha
sāvako