《楞嚴經》=Śūraṅgama Sūtra; 《正脈疏》=Zheng Mai Shu; 《圓通疏》=Yuan Tong Shu; 交光真鑑=Jiaoguang Zhenjian; 幽溪傳燈=Youqi Chuandeng; 如來藏=Tathāgatagarbha; 根性=awareness of sense organs; 見精=visual awareness; 二決定義=Two Decisive Factors; 二種根本=Two Fundamental Roots; 天台止觀=Zhiguan of the Tiantai School; 華嚴宗=the Huayan school; 一心三觀=Three Meditations of One Mind; 耳根圓通=Meditation on the Organ of Hearing
This paper aims to explore the dispute over the two sets of annotations deriving from Śūraṅgama Sūtra between Dharma Master Jiaoguang Zhenjian’s交光真鑑Zheng Mai Shu正脈疏(The Text-based Annotation)and Dharma Master Youqi Chuandeng’s幽溪傳燈Yuan Tong Shu圓通疏(The Enlightenment-based Annotation). It focuses on the controversies over the two annotations of the completely opposite stands towards whether it is appropriate to annotate and practice Śūraṅgama Sūtra based on “Zhiguan”止觀(Buddhist meditation)of the Tiantai School天台宗(a school based on the Lotus Sūtra in Chinese Mahāyāna Buddhism). Therefore, in the light of the interpretation of“jie”解(teachings)and“xing”行 (practice) in Śūraṅgama Sūtra, their attitude are different, thus having caused a few debates in the long history of Chinese Buddhism. The purpose of this paper is to clarify and resolve the disputes between the Zheng Mai Shu and the Yuan Tong Shu. The first chapter is divided into two parts. First, it tries to resolve the disputes by analyzing the original meaning of Śūraṅgama Sūtra; second, it explains what motivates the rise of the disputes. In this way, the paper will focus on both the “Cause” and the “Result” of the disputes and help readers to understand the origin of the disputes. From chapter 2 to chapter 5, they clarify the result of the disputes by expounding the original meaning of Śūraṅgama Sūtra. In chapter 2, a list of the most important issues within the disputes is provided and a comparison of the different ideas given in order to draw a clear picture from both sides. To understand the disputes better and to make it more representative, the foci are put on the perspectives of both the “Sijue dingyi” 四決定義(Four Decisive Factors)and the “Sibujue dingyi” 四不決定義(Anti-Four Decisive Factors).This part is directly related to the disputes of using “liugen” 六根(sense organs)and “liushi” 六識(the sixth consciousness), which are closely related to the particular goals of teachings and practice of Śūraṅgama Sūtra. Chapter 3 and chapter 4 further explore the particular goals of teachings and practice of Śūraṅgama Sūtra through the discussion in accordance with “Erzhong genben” 二種根本(Two Fundamental Roots)and “Erjue dingyi” 二決定義(Two Decisive Factors), the content of this chapter is to establish the foundation for the final remark in chapter 5. Chapter 5 further discusses the ideas between the “Four Decisive Factors” and the “Anti-Four Decisive Factors”. It is found that the concept of the “Four Decisive Factors” from the Zheng Mai Shu is indeed consistent with the core doctrine of Śūraṅgama Sūtra.