中華花藝「以藝載道」之意境――以《妙法蓮華經》之譬喻詮釋 為主=Chinese Floral Art to Express the Artistic Spirit and Buddhist Way：Focus on the Interpretation of the Metaphors of 《The Sutra of the Lotus-Blossom of the Subtle Dharma》
中華花藝 = Chinese floral art; 妙法蓮華經 = Lotus Sutra; 以藝載道 = Art carries the truth; 佛藝創造詮釋學 = Buddhist Art Creation Hermeneutics; 佛典譬喻 = Buddhist parables
摘要
「花」乃「天地間一種慧黠之氣所成」，插花藝術是以花爲媒介所創作出嶄新藝術生命，此乃「天人合一」以至華雨「繽紛遍法界」思想之體現。本論文乃借《法華經》之文字般若，以闡揚曉雲導師「道通乎藝」的最高境界。 中華花藝起源於魏晉南北朝之佛教供花，集歷史文化、生活藝術於一洪爐為當代之文化瑰寶。中華花藝講究意趣，重視內容美，藉意趣、形式、色彩來表現和諧、中庸、含蓄、壯偉、飄逸等特色。中國人認為草木兼具靈性品格，本文以《妙法蓮華經》經典智慧注入花藝創作之原泉，為佛教現代化與中華花藝美學提出跨領域新時代藝術創作。本文結合「花藝、佛學、文化、美學」為當代中華花藝與佛教現代化開展新方向與定位。以期達中華花藝創辦人黃永川教授所指授有關花藝的宗旨：「以花之真善美發揮親善功能，破除種族藩籬，發揮仁民愛物得精神，促進世界大同之理想 」。 《法華經》號爲「經中之王」，乃集大乘經論之大成，古德謂：「成佛的法華」本經全稱「妙法蓮華經」，或「正法蓮華經」。「妙」、「正」，是希有難得、不可思議的意思；是法，是指真理。蓮華。象徵高貴的意思，有出汙泥而不染的潔淨。其妙法，稱讚此法微妙，不可思議。 天台智者大師開講《妙法蓮華經》，僅一「妙」字，就有「九旬談妙」之例。而以「十妙法」譬喻「蓮華」二字。彼靈山會上，佛陀藉由拈花微笑將正法流傳，佛法與花之間早已綻放璀璨之光芒 。《詩經》有三義 (賦、比、興)之說。「佛教」「十二分教」中「譬喻」一說相應；發揮其「表法」之高潔境界。漢傳佛教固傳統文學基礎上，以巧譬善喻，表達其無上甚深微妙之義藴。 華梵大學創辦人上曉下雲法師「道通乎藝、道與藝合」的真知灼見，非常符合現代人生命的實踐與覺性上不斷的成長。本論文以《妙法蓮華經》譬喻義理之深度，佛教空慧思想，中華花藝「以藝載道」之精神，開創嶄新的思維方向。冀能將當代花藝與佛法的般若智慧密切結合，以提升花藝文化思想內藴。並借「花藝」將其傳遍世界各角落，為現代所謂的「人文關懷」精神，與人類心靈的淨化，略盡一份綿薄之力。 Flowers are the result of “ spirit of wisdom between heaven and earth”. The art of flower arrangement is to create a new artistic life with flowers as the medium. This is the manifestation of the idea of ‘the unity of human and nature’ and ‘the splendid rain of flowers pervading the Dharma realm’.This thesis uses the textual wisdom of the Lotus Sutra to expound the highest realm of Master Xiaoyun’s insight of ‘The way to enlightenment is to embody art’.” “Chinese floral art originated in offering flowers to worship Buddha in the Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern dynasties. It has since evolved into a cultural treasure that combines history, culture and arts.Chinese floral art values the charms and beauty of content. Often expresses harmony, moderation, subtlety, grandeur, and elegance through the charms, figures, and colours of flowers themselves.Chinese people believe that plants have both spiritual and character qualities. This thesis infuses the wisdom of the Lotus Sutra into the source of floral art creations. Proposing a cross-domain new art creation for the modernization of Buddhism and the aesthetics of Chinese floral art.This thesis combines ‘floral art, Buddhist studies, culture, aesthetics’ to open up new directions and positioning for contemporary Chinese floral art and the modernization of Buddhism.In order to achieve the purpose of floral art taught by Professor Huang Yongchuan, the founder of Chinese floral art: ‘Using the truth, goodness and beauty of flowers as a instrument to break down racial barriers, play a spirit of benevolence and love for all, and promote the ideal of world unity’.” The Lotus Sutra is known as the "The most venerated Mahayana Sutras". The ancient sages praised: "The Lotus Sutra is the master piece of attending Buddhahood." Its full name is "The Lotus Sutra of the Wonderful Dharma” or "The Lotus Sutra of the True Dharma". The words "wonderful" and "true" denote that the teachings are rare, precious and inconceivable truths. The lotus flower symbolizes purity and transcending the world. The sutra uses seven parables to expound the wonderful truth of the One Vehicle, the ultimate source of all Buddha and the innate enlightenment of all sentient beings. It guides one to attain Buddhahood step by step by initiation,guidance, insight, and reaching the visions of the Buddha.Master Zhiyi of Tiantai Sect gave lectures on the Lotus Sutra and famously talked about the "wonderful" aspect for ninety days. The "lotus" aspect was also described in ten wonderful ways. At the assembly on Vulture Peak, the Buddha transmitted the Dharma to the assembly through holding up a flower and smiling serenely. The connection of the flower with the Buddhism has since been gloriously bonded. In Chinese literature “Poetry Book” is said to have three meanings:description, comparison, and association. Buddhism has the concept of "parables" in its Twelvefold Canon, which expresses profound meaning in an artful way.Based on the traditional Chinese literature, Chinese Buddhism has used skillful ways to elaborate the deeply subtle meaning of the Dharma.<
