最後,作者指出:那個二元未分前的世界就是佛教徒所謂的淨土,它和 M. Eliade 的 in illo tempore,C. G. Jung的原型,確實不斷地出現在人類追求理想鄉的夢境裡,雖然它們使用的名稱不盡相同.
Summary What is the meaning of the myth of Sukhavati? First, the writer explains that myth is not a fairy tale, but a true and sacred story. The myth always tells the dream hidden inside of the innermost of human by symbolic language repeatedly. Second,the article analyzes the concept of Sukhavati with two ways:the historical and structural approach.
1. From the first Utopia-Uttarakuru to many Pure-Lands of Mahayana, we can observe how the ideal about paradise of Indians has changed from reality to trans-reality. For example,the earth has changed from having many mountains to a flat condition. The tree has changed from the image of actual fecundity to the image of enlightenment of a Buddha. The water has changed from the purification of human's body to the renewal of human's spirit,etc. They all show the process of an idealization or mythologization.
2. On the contrary,the fundamental elements of composing each Buddha's land are almost the same. Although these elements, for example,the gold-earth, the lotus-lakes adorned with the seven gems, are seem to be filled with too much sensuous pleasure in appearance,they are symbolic. The West symbolizes the central axis, the gold-earth symbolizes the unchangeable foundation of life. The absolutely flat earth symbolizes the renounce of differing. They all direct to the universal and eternal goal by using the symbol of Indian myth thoroughly. The last,the writer indicate that the state before the separation of unity is nothing but the pure-land. Here,we can see that "in illo tempore" of M. Eliade or "archetype" of C. G. Jung appears in the dream of searching for a Utopia as well.