聖嚴法師=Master Sheng Yen; 人間淨土=pure land on earth; 他方淨土=another-world pure land; 人生佛教=Engaged Buddhism; 人間佛教=Humanistic Buddhism
摘要
本文主要論述聖嚴法師對於「他方淨土」轉變至「人間淨土」之思路辯證。「他方淨土」轉變為「人間淨土」，並非一日之功。於聖嚴法師之前，已有太虛大師與東初法師的「人生佛教」，以及印順法師「人間佛教」之說，亦有太虛大師的「法界圓覺」及印順法師「緣起分析」之思想進路，此二者皆為後來聖嚴法師對「人間淨土」之闡揚起了相關至要之作用。原為彼岸之「淨土」如何成為「人間」之「淨土」，是為「人間淨土」義理上主要課題。另外，「淨土」既於人間，又如何說明彼岸之「極樂」？此為「人間淨土」義理上需論述之處。是以，本文研究主題有二：1. 探究聖嚴法師於義理上闡釋「他方淨土」辯證至「人間淨土」之過程。2. 於「人間淨土」努力之終極意義與彼岸極樂之關係。 This article primarily discusses Master Sheng Yen's dialectical approach to the transformation from the concept of the "another-world pure land" to the "pure land on earth." The transition from the "another-world" to the "on earth" as a Pure Land is not an overnight achievement. Prior to Master Sheng Yen, there were already teachings such as the "Engaged Buddhism" by Master Tai Xu and Master Dong Chu, as well as the "Humanistic Buddhism" by Master Yin Shun. Additionally, the philosophies of the "Complete Enlightenment of the Dharmadhatu" by Master Tai Xu and the "Analysis of Dependent Origination" by Master Yin Shun played significant roles in Master Sheng Yen's subsequent elucidation of the concept of the "pure land on earth." The main question in terms of the concept of the "Pure Land" shifting from the Other Shore to this World is how the Pure Land that was originally in the beyond can become a Pure Land in this world. Furthermore, if the Pure Land is present in this world, how can we explain the concept of the "Ultimate Bliss" in the Other Shore? These are crucial points that need to be addressed in discussing the concept of the "pure land on earth." Therefore, the two main objectives of this study are: 1. To explore how Master Sheng Yen dialectically expounded the process of transforming the concept of the "another-world pure land" into the "pure land on earth" in terms of its philosophical interpretation. 2. To examine the ultimate significance of the efforts towards the "pure land on earth" and its relationship with the Ultimate Bliss in the Other Shore.
