Emperor Liang-wu (Xiao-yan) destroyed the Southern Qi dynasty and became emperor. He devoted himself wholeheartedly to rule the Southern Liang dynasty for 20 years, respected Confucianism and developed Buddhism, let the Southern Liang dynasty became well-off society. Compared to Emperor Liang-wu into the Buddha, Wu Zetian utilized the Buddha presented in the female body to claim she was Losana Buddha and Maitreya Buddha descend to the world. Finally, Wu Zetian became a female emperor and created a great theocratic empire. Two Chinese famous theocratic emperors were been compared in this study. In chapter one, study motivation and methods were been explained, and the literature were discussed. In chapter one and two, the background, family, marriage, social trends and power exercised of Emperor Liang-wu and Wu Zetian were been introduced. In chapter four, Ideological Origins and connotation were been analyzed. In chapter five, similarities and differences of theocratic ideology were been compared. In chapter six, whole discussion of this article were been used to make a conclusion. The Confucianism with Caesaropapism had profound effects on education and generated the unique Chinese national culture. The following political system and modern education were well been influenced nowadays. Subjectively, it contained political and religious, and both education and regime were controlled. Objectively, the economic development and social cultural were restricted. This study represented the Caesaropapism impact on political and religious ideology, could used as reference for national restructure and development in the future.
