漢藏教理院之研究--以二十世紀初漢藏佛教交流為中心=A Research of Sino-Tibetan Buddhist Dharma Institute--Based on the Intercommunication between Chinese and Tibetan Buddhism in the Early 20th Century
The thesis is divided into five chapters, which focuses upon the background and the main goal of the Sino-Tibetan Buddhist Dharma Institute, as well as its features and history of the whole management. In 1898, Chih-Dung Chang (張之洞) held the concept that “Chinese academy should be the leading basis of all scholastic research, while the Western academy should be the assisting role only”, in order to suppress the conflicts between the new and the old cliques. However, quite unexpectedly, it resulted in some problems about temple estate utilized for establishing schools. The local government took the lead to dismantle the temples or to cooperate with the local educated elite in order to set up schools. Too much esteem for Confucianism led to the result that there was a huge decline in the spread of Buddhism. From 1898 to 1932, there had been more than 114 Buddhist institutes established already, and at the same time Tai-Xu himself had set up some. Why did Tai-Xu still have the ambition to set up the Sino-Tibetan Buddhist Dharma Institute? The writer brings up six hypotheses: 1. the trend of the times forcing him to do so; 2. the purpose for Chinese Buddhism to be spread over the whole world; 3. abundant financial assistance from the government; 4. the purpose for enhancing the communication between Han and Tibetan; 5. to be a gangway to revive Chinese esoteric sect; 6. the geographical convenience to set up the courses in Sichuan (四川). The results are as follows: 1. Both the Wu-Chang Buddhist College students and their boards of directors had been learning Chinese esoteric sect with great enthusiasm at that time, and it followed that Tai-Xu couldn’t help but set up a Buddhist School related with Chinese esoteric sect for the sake of making the current staff stay steady. 2. Since Tai-Xu put forward a scheme that eight different Buddhist sects would be equally and simultaneously propagated and he also supported such medium--the Sino-Tibetan Buddhism Dharma Institute--as the revival of the Chinese esoteric sect with practical activities, Chinese Buddhism had a new tendency to become worldwide and globalized. 3. The reason of insufficient fund forcing the Wu-Chang Buddhist Institute to be closed down made Tai-Xu reconsider the necessity of accepting the financial assistance from the government and that was why the Sino-Tibetan Buddhism Dharma Institute was naturally and reasonably formed. 4. According to Chang-En (常恩，1934): For the purpose of calming down the foreign force and a devotion to a new Buddhist campaign, the Sino-Tibetan Buddhism Dharma Institute was established in Chungchin (重慶). It revealed that the Sino-Tibetan Buddhism Dharma Institute had a pretty close relationship with the society and the country, and it also showed that the establishment of Sino-Tibetan Buddhism Dharma Institute was to at
