This paper is mainly in exploring the Buddhist concept of hell, based upon the hell thought research of Dīrghāgama, and from Buddhism's historical development from the early India Buddhism, original Buddhism to the faction Buddhism searching for the idea of hell sequence, looking forward to clarify the concept of this long history, that has the active positive value. This paper contains the four chapters: Chapter I-introduction, containing the study motive and intention of the author, research methods, and the scope of the study, relevant literature and academic research. Chapter II –discussing the type of hell, life, location, and the other classic hells to do in comparison with Dīrghāgama. Chapter III –the idea of hell in early Indian, exploring from the Vedic period, Upanisad and Jainism, probing the meaning of naraka, the source of the hell thought as well as the reason and sequence of falling into the hell. Chapter IV is a comprehensive description, do a summary. Hell thought exists generally in folk, people hold superstitious and a negative value regarding much. Hell belongs to the six great divisions in the wheel of karma, based on karma, therefore, explore the hell thought must from samsara and karma originally.
