Christoph Kleine is Professor for the History of Religions and Co-Director of the Centre for Advanced Studies in the Humanities and Social Sciences at Leipzig University, Germany.
關鍵詞
ōbō buppō; secularity; religion and poltics; apologetics; late Edo period
摘要
This article asks how the Buddhist paradigm of the interdependence between the Buddha’s law and the ruler’s law was modified over the centuries and reinterpreted by nineteenth-century authors in the face of rapid political, social, and epistemic changes. An analysis of relevant texts reveals continuities as well as discontinuities. While the paradigm’s basic function of guaranteeing autonomy and protection to Buddhist institutions remained largely unchanged, remarkable transformations in the argumentation are evident. Despite, or because of, the precarious position of Buddhism in the early Meiji period, Buddhist authors from this era choose an apologetic strategy. With some slight differences, they emphasize almost exclusively the intramundane benefits of Buddhism and thus defend themselves against the accusation that Buddhism is solely relevant to otherworldly matters. The most radical innovation, however, is the assertion that all secular norms and rules of governance are ultimately Buddhist in origin.
目次
The Development of the Ōbō Buppō Paradigm up to the Nineteenth Century 92 Mountains, Seas, and Countries: Shingyō’s Sankairi 98 Discussing the Primacy of the Ruler’s Law in Jōdo Shinshū: Fukuda Gidō’s Shinshū ōbō ihon dan 100 On the Meaning of the Buddha’s Law and the Ruler’s Law Being like Wheels or Wings: Hakoya Tokuryō’s Buppō obō rinyoku gi 103 Conclusion 108 References 110
