佛世時代女信徒研究：以《增一阿含經‧清信女品》為中心=A Research on the Female Buddhist Practitioners during the Buddha's Lifetime: Focused on the “Upāsika Chapter” in the “Ekottara Āgama”
佛世時代=Buddhist era; 女信徒=female followers; 增一阿含經=Ekottarika Āgama; 清信女=Pure faith of lavwo
摘要
本研究旨在探討佛陀時代在家女信徒的地位和貢獻，以突顯出重要的研究價值。 主要從以下幾個方面進行，首先，以漢譯四部《阿含經》的《增一阿含經》裡的〈清信女品〉，該部分詳細描述了三十位在家女信徒的故事，挑選出其中十位為對象特別探討。其次，藉此等文獻為基礎研究，有皈依和無皈依的在家女信徒進行人口普查並得出數據；再者，佛陀與女性的互動和佛陀對待女性的態度；最後，在佛陀時代的在家女信徒的德行事蹟和修行成就。 經過上述處理後得到的結論，核心內容展現在家女信徒具有不同的特點和品質，信仰和修行方面的品質、道德和品行方面的品質、其他方面的品質，具有以下共同特質，信仰虔誠、品德高尚、修行成就經歷尤為突出；並從文學和宗教的角度思考在家女信徒在面對生活，各種挑戰和困境時如何堅守信仰，成為後代佛教徒的典範值得深入研究和探討。 This study aims to explore the status and contribution of female lay followers during the Buddha's time to highlight the important research value. It mainly proceeds from the following aspects. First, it takes the pure and faithful women in the four Chinese translations of the Āgama Sutra and the Zengyi Āgama Sutra. This part describes in detail the stories of thirty female lay believers. Secondly, using this document as a basis for research, we conducted a census of lay women believers with and without conversion and obtained data; secondly, as well as the interaction between the Buddha and women and the Buddha's attitude towards women; finally, the lay women in the Buddha's era The believer’s spiritual qualities, moral character and spiritual achievements. The conclusions obtained after the above processing, the core content shows that these female lay believers have different characteristics and qualities, including the qualities of faith and practice, the qualities of morality and conduct, and other qualities. Special attention is paid to ten of them. , have the following common characteristics, especially devout faith, noble moral character, and experience of spiritual achievement. From the perspective of literature and religion, they think about how lay female believers stick to their faith when facing various challenges and difficulties in life, and become a model for future generations of Buddhists. It deserves further study and discussion.
