The declension of monosyllabic feminine "i-stems" (again, Dat., Abl., Gen. and Loc. Sg. can take also the forms of standard "i-stems". In addition, this can also happen in Gen.Pl.):
dhi- (f., thought):
| Sg. | Du. | Pl. | |
| Nom. | dhih | dhiyau | dhiyah |
| Acc. | dhiyam | dhiyau | dhiyah |
| Ins. | dhiya | dhibhyam | dhibhih |
| Dat. | dhiye|dhiyai | dhibhyam | dhibhyah |
| Abl. | dhiyah|dhiyah | dhibhyam | dhibhyah |
| Gen. | dhiyah|dhiyah | dhiyoh | dhiyam|dhinam |
| Loc. | dhiyi|dhiyam | dhiyoh | dhisu |
| Voc. | dhih | dhiyau | dhiyah |
| Sg. | Du. | Pl. | |
| 1. | alabhe | alabhavahi | alabhamahi |
| 2. | alabhathah | alabhetham | alabhadhvam |
| 3. | alabhata | alabhetam | alabhanta |
The passive imperfect is created in the same way (adrwyanta, they were seen).
ati-, completely, wholly: ati+kram-, atikramati, completely overcome
adhi-, above, on: adhi+stha-, adhitisthati, to govern, to rule
apa-, away: apa+ni-, apaniyati, to lead away, to carry away
prati-, against, back: prati+gam-, pratigacchati; to go back, to return
vi-,
apart: vi+dr-,
pass. vidiryate,
to split apart
If the first sound of a verbal root is a consonant s- following a vowel -i or -u of a verbal prefix, it is changed into s- and retains this form even in the imperfect: ni+sad-, nisidati, impf. nyasidat.
If the prefix ends in -ih
or -uh
it is before k-,
kh-,
p-,
ph-
changed into -is,
-us:
nih+pad-,
nispadyate
(to arise). But it is not
retained in the imperfect: nirapadyata.
1. krtsnaj prthivij raksasiti parthivaj munih pratyabhasata |
2. nrpatirrsina papatpratyasidhyata |
3. harerbharyayaj caravah putra ajayanta |
4. dhiraj purusaj wriyah sada nisevante |
5. parthivasyajbaj watru atyakrametam |
6. padmaj wriya vasatih |
7. dhiyo balena purusa duhkhani parayanti |
8. ratho 'dhyasthiyata ramena |
9. kavergrhaj wriyawobhata |
10. wiwu ahuyethaj jananya |
11. bhanumaiksatarsih |
12. guroranujbaya kate wisyavupaviwetam |
13. muniriwvarasya srstij dhyayati |
14. ksetresu dhanyaj nispadyate |
15. guravo granthanracayanti wisyawca pustakani likhanti |
16. bharyaya saha wrirgrhamaniyateti narenaucyata |
17. lobhatkrodhah
prabhavati lobhatkamah
prajayate
|
lobhanmohawca
nawawca
lobhah
papasya
karanam
||
1. [The goddes] Shri was born from the ocean.
2. Where did you get white cows?
3. Many tigers, elephants and bears were seen there.
4. Rama's father was always remembered by people.
5. Mother called (pass.) girls home from the garden.
6. When the king talked with brahmins, he returned to the city.
7. When was the king's son born?
8. Many arrows were shot on the tiger.
ati+kram-, atikramati (I): to cross over, to transgress
pra+jan-, prajayate (IV): to be born
dhya-, dhyayati (IV): to think, to meditate
nih+pad-, nispadyate (IV): to originate, to appear
prati+bhas-, pratibhasate (I): to answer
rac-, racayati (X): to compose
prati+sidh-, pratisedhate (I): to prevent, to restrain
ni+sev-, nisevate (I): to serve
adhi+stha-, adhitisthati (I): to govern, to rule, to drive
anujba-, f.: agreement
iwvara-, m.: lord, master, god
kama-, m.: pleasure, desire
karana-, n.: cause
dhi-, f.: thought, reason
nawa-, m.: destruction, annihilation
padma-, n.: lotus
purusa-, m.: man
muni-, m.: sage, saint
moha-, m.: delusion
ratha-, m.: chariot
lobha-, m.: greed
vasati-, f.: dwelling
wri-, f.: luck, beauty, wealth
srsti-, f.: creation
krtsna-, adj.: whole
caru-, adj.: beautiful
dhira-, adj.: wise, firm
wveta-, adj.: white