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7. Abbreviations

1: 1st person
2: 2nd person
3: 3rd person
Abl.: ablative case
abs.: absolutive
Acc.: accusative case
act.: active (Parassapada)
Adj.: adjective
Adv.: adverb
aor.: aorist (past tense)
a.pr.p.: active present participle
caus.: causative
conj.: conjunction
Dat.: dative case
DhP.: Dhammapada
Du.: dual
enc.: enclitic
f.: feminine
Gen.: genitive case
ger.: gerund
grd.: gerundive
imp.: imperative
impf.: imperfect
Ind.: indeclinable
in.: indicative
inf.: infinitive
Ins.: instrumental case
Int.: interjection
Loc.: locative case
m.: masculine
med.: medium (Attanopada)
med.pr.p.: medium present participle
N.: noun
n.: neuter
neg.: negative
Nom.: nominative case
Num.: numeral
opt.: optative
p.p.: past participle
p.pr.p.: passive present participle
part.: particle
pas.: passive
perf.: perfect
Pl.: plural
poss.: possessive form
pr.p.: present participle
Pref.: prefix
pres.: present tense
rel.: relative
Pron.: pronoun
Sg.: singular
Suf.: suffix
V.: verb
Voc.: vocative case


  1. Alphabets and Pronunciation
  2. Glossary
  3. Readings in
    Pali Texts
  4. The Practical
    Pali Grammar
  5. Inflections
  6. Reference
  7. Abbreviations
  8. The Table of
    Transliteration

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