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莫高窟第45窟佛龕的設計意匠 -- 兼談與該窟觀無量壽佛經變的關係=The Artistic Idea of The Buddhist Shrine Design of Cave 45 of Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang |
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| Author |
于向東
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| Source |
敦煌研究=Dunhuang Research
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| Volume | n.1 (總號=n.95) |
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| Date | 2006.02 |
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| Pages | 43 - 49 |
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| Publisher | 敦煌研究編輯部 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.dha.ac.cn/
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| Location | 蘭州, 中國 [Lanzhou, China] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Keyword | 佛龕; 透視; 設計意匠; 法華思想 |
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| Abstract | 莫高窟第45窟佛龕是盛唐時期敞口龕的代表作。該龕的塑、繪不但具有很高的藝術水平，而且巧妙地運用了視覺透視規律。從龕前正中跪拜仰視時，龕內描繪的壁畫與塑像交織成一個有機整體，龕內佛尊像與龕頂壁畫《見寶塔品》等可能表現了法華會中的ㄧ幕場景。此龕的塑、繪內容和主室南壁觀音經變體現了比較明顯的法華思想。天台宗智者大師十分重視觀無量壽佛經變中“十六觀”修持法門，在其《法華三昧懺儀》一文中，還著重強調發願往生西方淨土。從這個角度來看，第４５窟佛龕等與主室北壁的觀無量壽佛經變可能有一定的關連。本文認為，第４５窟包括佛龕在內的總體設計或許受到了智者大師法華思想的影響。
Cave 45 of Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang is one of the outstanding Buddhist shrine which was an representative High-Tang cave with a big open niche attached to the west wall. The painted clay sculptures and the mural-paintings inside this cave are not only well-established in a highly artiste ship but artistry in visual perspective as well. When people come inside and kneel down in front of the shrine to pray, the viewers could see a lively world of Buddha interwoven factors consisted of the painting inside of shrine and the sculptures. The group of nine sculptures together with the mural-painting of Buddha Emerged from a stupa on the top wall of the niche may had presented one of the scenes of Buddha in preaching the Lotus Sūtra. The contents of mural-paintings and sculptures and Avalokites’ vara-bodhisattva-samantamukha-parivarta, the painting occupies part of the South Wall of the main chamber had obviously embodied the Idea of Lotus Sūtra. The great master ZHI-Yi of the Tian Tai Sect had put emphasis on the Sixteen Views to Meditation in The Amitayur-buddha-dhyāna-sūtra and the strong votive to be reborn to the Pure-land in the West. From this angle, the contents of the niche may had some relevant relationship with the illustration to The Amitayur-buddha-dhyāna-sūtra which was painted on the North Wall of Cave 45. From author’s viewpoint, the master design of Cave 45 included the niche must be somehow under the influence of the idea of the Lotus Sūtra from the great master ZHI-Yi of the Tian Tai Sect. |
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| ISSN | 10004106 (P) |
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| Hits | 610 |
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| Created date | 2008.04.28 |
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| Modified date | 2018.03.29 |
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