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仏教受容と神祇信仰の形成 -- 神仏習合の源流=The Acceptance of Buddhism and the Formation of Jingi Worship in Ancient Japan : The Origin of Japanese Syncretism
Author 三橋正 (著)=Mitsuhashi, Tadashi (au.)
Source 宗教研究=Journal of Religious Studies=シュウキョウ ケンキュウ
Volumev.81 n.2 (總號=n.353)
Date2007.09.30
Pages123 - 148
Publisher日本宗教学会
Publisher Url http://jpars.org/
Location東京, 日本 [Tokyo, Japan]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language日文=Japanese
Note<特集>神仏習合とモダニティ
Keyword神仏習合; 神仏隔離; 仏教公伝; 古墳祭祀; 神祇祭祀
Abstract神仏習合と神仏隔離(分離)が併存するという日本特有のシンクレティズム現象は、古代国家が仏教を受容してから神祇祭祀を形成させたことで生まれた。仏教公伝の記事に欽明天皇が仏像を蘇我稲目に託したとあることは、古墳時代に普遍的な委託祭祀の方式に則ったものである。また古墳で行なわれていた「柱」祭祀に、神聖(祭祀的)な面と服属儀礼的な面とがあり、仏教の受容に際し、神聖(祭祀的)な面は塔の心柱に、服属儀礼的な面は須弥山を建てる儀に投影された。仏教は当初、古墳時代の祭祀形態をふまえ、それと混淆して受容された。それに対し、律令国家の建設と一体化して形成された神祇祭祀には、「柱」の抽象化が見られ、古墳祭祀からの断続があったと想定される。神祇は、古墳祭祀の衰退・消滅と、一時的な仏教儀礼への移行がなされた後で、仏教から自立する形で古代国家によって創始された。これによって仏教を信仰しながらも神の優位性を認めようとする精神構造(信仰構造)が出来上がったと考えられる。

Shintoism has been mixed with Buddhism, and on the other hand quarantined from Buddhism. This coexistance of mixture and isolation is the most striking characteristic phenomenon of Japanese syncretism. This situation was established along with the process to form jingi worship by the ancient Japanese government. When Buddhism was first brought into Japan, it was accepted as representing foreign gods, which were worshiped the same way as the Japanese gods in the Tumulus period ; that is, entrusting the worship of certain gods to a particular lineage, and by building poles. Jingi worship was formed after Tomb-rituals had been discontinued, and at that time the government had already accepted Buddhism. Therefore Shintoism originally was in a position superior to that of Buddhism, and not mixed with it completely.
ISSN03873293 (P)
Hits818
Created date2009.09.02
Modified date2019.06.20



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