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Mummy-la: The Life and Accomplishments of Freda Bedi=芙瑞達(Freda Bedi)的一生與成就 |
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Tenzin Palmo (著)=天津帕默 (au.)
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| Source |
國際佛教善女人大會（第11屆）=Sakyadhita International Conference on Buddhist Women(11th)
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| Date | 2009.12.28 |
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| Publisher | Sakyadhita: the international association of buddhist women |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.sakyadhita.org/
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| Location | Vietnam [越南] |
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| Content type | 會議論文=Proceeding Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese; 英文=English |
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| Note | 會議地點：越南胡志明市；時間：2009.12.18 - 2010.01.03；大會主題：傑出的女性修行者與典範=Eminent Buddhist Women |
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| Abstract | Freda Bedi was probably the first western women to receive full ordination as a bhikshuni. She was born in England in 1911 and received an M.A. from Oxford University, where she met and married Baba Bedi. On moving to India, she became the headmistress of a girl's school. She subsequently joined the Quit India movement and was jailed by the British for sedition.
In 1947, at the time of Independence, she worked for the Indian government in Delhi. It was during this time that she became Buddhist. In 1959, she was sent to the refugee camp in Missamari, Assam, where many Tibetan refugees had gathered after their flight from Tibet. Her job was to empty the camp, where so many were dying of heat and disease, and send everyone to safer destinations.
Freda somehow intuited that in the future the Dharma would be taught by Tibetans in places around the world, especially by incarnate lamas, or tulkus. Therefore, she started a school called the Young Lamas Home School where tulkus of all Tibetan traditions could be educated in philosophy by qualified teachers and could also learn English to prepare them for their future role in teaching the Dharma to foreigners. Many prominent lamas in the west, including Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche and Lama Zopa Rinpoche, studied at this school.
Freda Bedi also started the first Tibetan nunnery in exile, which still exists today. She received novice ordination from H.H. the 16th Karmapa and then took bhikshuni ordination in Hong Kong in 1972. She lived at the monastery of H.H. Karmapa at Rumtek in Sikkim for many years and also traveled to South Africa to teach Dharma, with great success. She passed away in 1977 in Delhi.
芙瑞達‧貝蒂大概是西方接受具足戒成為比丘尼的第一位女眾。西元1911年出生於英國，她取得英國牛津大學的碩士學位，隨後並嫁給了巴巴‧貝蒂(Baba Bedi)。他們搬到印度後，芙瑞達成為了一所女校的校長。之後，她加入了殖民國退出印度運動(Quit India)，當時還被英國政府以叛亂罪判刑入獄。
西元1947年，英國獨立運動期間，她在德里為印度政府工作，在此同時，她亦成為了佛教徒。西元1959年時，她被送到一間位於阿薩姆省Missamari的難民營，此一難民營即為藏胞從西藏來此避難的居所。芙瑞達的工作是淨空難民營中的難民，因為許多難民常因天氣過熱或疾病因素而死亡，她想將每一位難民送至更安全的住所。
芙瑞達有一種直覺，冥冥之中她似乎知道未來佛法將透過藏人傳遞至全世界，特別是由這些轉世的喇嘛或是Tulku(轉世者)。因此，芙瑞達開始成立一所學校，這所學校稱為年輕喇嘛寄宿學校，它專門提供教育機會給那些被認證的轉世靈童，並教授英文為往後能夠教導外國人佛法做準備。有許多在西方為人所知非常傑出的喇嘛，包括丘陽‧創巴(Chogyam Trungpa)仁波切及宗喀巴(Zopa)仁波切，都曾在這所學校就讀過。
芙瑞達‧貝蒂同時亦在西藏流亡政府時，開始建立第一座藏傳尼院，直至今日這所尼院仍然存在。她本人接受16世大寶法王所傳授的沙彌尼戒，於1972年飛往香港接受比丘尼的俱足戒。她在大寶法王所屬的錫金(Sikkim)隆德寺(Rumtek)生活幾年後，後來更遠遊至南非弘法，非常成功。她在1977年於德里往生。 |
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| Hits | 1308 |
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| Created date | 2010.01.18 |
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| Modified date | 2015.08.17 |
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