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A Review of Metaphysics: East & West=東西方形上學的評論 |
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Inada, Kenneth K. (著)=稲田亀男ケネス (au.)
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| Source |
中華佛學學報=Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal=Journal of Chinese Buddhist Studies
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| Volume | n.4 |
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| Date | 1991.07 |
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| Pages | 361 - 378 |
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| Publisher | 中華佛學研究所=Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.chibs.edu.tw/publication_tw.php?id=12
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| Location | 新北市, 臺灣 [New Taipei City, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese; 英文=English |
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| Note | 本文著者全名為 Ina, Kenneth K. 作者稻田龜男為紐約州立大學水牛城分校教授。 |
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| Keyword | 形上學; 有機體形上學; 坐禪 |
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| Abstract | The world has indeed become one, but nations and cultures of the world are still at variance with each other, each adamantly maintaining its own position. Geographical, racial, social and psychological barriers are hard to come down. Yet, people are in contact with each other and must live together. There must be a unifying factor or force to show the way to harmonious relationship. One of the ways, perhaps, is to reassess the nature and function of metaphysics. So as we are in the last decade of the 20th century and will soon enter the 21st century, it might be a good idea to review the metaphysical foundations of East and West. The metaphysical foundations are important clues to understanding cultural differences. Heretofore, the concept of metaphysics has been understood in the traditional sense of substance, object, subject, world, space, time, etc. and many have been turned away from it because of its technical language and consequences. In this essay, I argue for a novel type of metaphysics: an organic metaphysics. The ideas, indeed elements, of organic metaphysics are seen abundantly in Chinese and Buddhist thought. Some of these are the concept of change, yin-yang phenomenon, non-action, non-being, vacuity, humanity, constant mean, wheel of life, emptiness, Buddha-nature, non-self and compassion. The true understanding of these must inevitably lodge in an organic metaphysics since these terms simply defy ordinary logic and sensibility. One of the great assets of an organic metaphysics is that it helps one to overcome dichotomizing one's experience and the world. This habit of dichotomization in perception is so ingrained that it will take a huge effort and time to resolve it. One bright note here is that meditative discipline, a contribution of the East, is picking up steadily in the West. Similar efforts must be promoted to benefit both the realms of man and nature.
世界確實已經變成一個了，但世界上的國家和文化仍然千差萬別，誰都堅持自己的立場。不論是地理、種族、社會或心理上的障礙，都很難加以拆除。不過，人是群居的動物，必須生活在一起。如何達成和諧的關係，一定有一個統一的因素或力量。其中有一個方式，可能就是重估形上學的性質和功能。處於二十世紀最後十年的我們，即將進入二十一世紀，此時來檢討東方和西方的形上學基礎，不失為一項好主意。形上學基礎是了解文化差異的重要線索。形上學概念向來都是以實質、客體、主體、世界、空間、時間等傳統意義來瞭解，由於專有名詞太過艱深，許多人就掉頭而去了。在本文中，我提出新的形上學，有機體的形上學。有機體形上學的觀念（其實就是要素），在中國和佛教思想裏俯拾皆是。譬如，無常的觀念、陰陽的現象、無為、無生、虛無、人性、中庸、輪迴、空、佛性、無我和慈悲。如果想真正瞭解這些名詞，不可避免地一定要放在有機體形上學的架構內，因為它們破除了一般的邏輯和知覺。有機體形上學有一項很特殊的優點：它可以幫助我們避免將我們的經驗和世界劃分為二。這種在認知上二分法的習慣，可以說是根深柢固，必須費很大的勁和努力才能消除。這裡很值得一提的是：坐禪訓練，這項東方的貢獻，正在西方蔚成風氣。同時，為了利益人類和自然界，我們也必須作相同的努力。
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| ISSN | 10177132 (P) |
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| Hits | 1521 |
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| Created date | 1998.07.22
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| Modified date | 2017.06.15 |
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