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A Pre-Buddhist Meditation System and its EarlyModifications by Gotama the Bodhisattva(1)=論四禪--喬達摩菩薩如何改定此一佛教前已有的法門(上) |
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| Author |
Mukherjee, Biswadeb (著)=穆克紀 (au.)
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| Source |
中華佛學學報=Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal=Journal of Chinese Buddhist Studies
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| Volume | n.8 |
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| Date | 1995.07 |
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| Pages | 455 - 481 |
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| Publisher | 中華佛學研究所=Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.chibs.edu.tw/publication_tw.php?id=12
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| Location | 新北市, 臺灣 [New Taipei City, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese; 英文=English |
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| Keyword | Parama-ditthadhamma-nibbanavada; Pitisukha; rupa; jhanas; Upekkha; Sramana meditation |
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| Abstract | The present paper is the first part of the article dealing with the modifications wrought by
Gotama the Bodhisattva in the S 'raman a system of meditation which had gained prominence even
before the rise of the Buddhism. The problem has been dealt with reference to the 4 rupa jhanas
created by the Parama-ditthadhamma-nibbanavadins long before the advent of the Buddha. In this paper
an attempt has been made to form a clear idea about the 4 rupa jhanas.
The formulas of the 4 jhanas contain informations not only about the mental states in
different stages of meditation but also about the process leading to such states.The interpretations
of these formulas given in the Buddhist commentaries are of a much later date，and are more a reflection of the current Buddhist thoughts than that of the Parama-dittha-dhamma-nibbanavada.
It is, however，imperative that to understand truly the import of the 4 jhanas we must
understand the philosophy of the Parama-ditthadhamma-nibbanavada of which these jhanas
originally formed a part. An attempt has, therefore，been made to reconstruct this
philosophy. It has been shown that the sole purpose for which the Parama-ditthadhamma-nibbana-vadins
led a religious life was not to gain enlightment but to experience an agreeable feeling like
ptisukha, sukha etc. Nibbana merely stood for an unhindered enjoyment of an agreeable feeling. The
meditative technique，the modes of formulation of the 4 jhana states are but the products of this
philosophy. And it is in the light of this philosophy that we have tried to understand the
import of the jhana formulas, comprehend the true meaning of the technical terms like upekkha,
sukha, vitakka, vicara etc. and to reconstruct the meditative technique employed by the Parama-
ditthadhamma-nibbanavadins.
The present paper thus prepares the ground for the proper understanding of the extent and nature
of the modifications made by Gotama the Bodhisattva in the S'ramana system of meditation.
This contribution of the Bodhisattva will be discussed in the second part of the article.
佛教創立前，印度的沙門早已用了修行法門. 喬達摩菩薩如何改定其中至上現法涅槃說所提出的四色禪論，
乃是本文探討的主題. 此所刊上篇，旨在清楚地說明何為四色禪.
固定描述四禪的文字中，不僅談到不同境界的心所，且更論及如何達到禪的境界. 佛典給這些文字的詮釋，年
代都相當晚，且反映當時的佛教思想，並不是代表至上現法涅槃說的見解.
不過，要真正瞭解四禪的定義，則須首先明瞭傳出四禪論的至上現法涅槃說，其思想究竟為何. 因此，本文
嘗試此方面的擬構，指出至上現法涅槃說修行的唯一目的不在覺悟，而在經歷「喜」，「樂」等愉快的感受. 「涅
槃」所指的只是自在地享受快樂; 提出四禪的修持法，也只不過是這種思想的結果. 因此本文試就其思想瞭解固定
描述四禪的文字和「捨」，「樂」，「尋」，「伺」等名相的真正意義，並期擬構至上現法涅槃說的修行法門.
如此，本篇為下篇的主題 -- 喬達摩菩薩如何改定沙門的法門 -- 而打基礎. |
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| ISSN | 10177132 (P) |
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| Hits | 1515 |
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| Created date | 1998.07.22
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| Modified date | 2017.06.16 |
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