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承負與輪迴:報應理論建立的考索
Author 林惠勝
Source 國際道教研討會
Date1994.06
Publisher中正大學
Location嘉義縣, 臺灣 [Chia-i hsien, Taiwan]
Content type會議論文=Proceeding Article
Language中文=Chinese
Note736
Keyword輪迴=轉世=Reincarnation=Rebirth=Samsara;報應;承負;神;三世;林惠勝;Cycle;Retribution;
Abstract善惡報應說是倫理教化上的重要原則. 然而它要能實踐教化的功能,須是一道德金律. 但現實經驗世中,善得惡報而惡得善終等違反報應律則的事件,卻屢見不鮮. 因此如何圓滿解釋這些現實的事例,維持它的道德金律的地位,是宗教哲學中的重要任務.

中國雖早就有天道福善禍淫的說法,但對天道的不公,卻往往只是慨歎而已,並無真正建立報應理論. 東漢後期,佛教的傳入,及道教的成立,分別提出輪迴與承負說,二者後來也巧妙的結合,成中國報應理論的主流.

本文即以東漢後期至南北朝思潮中,對有關善惡報應說的檢討,借以探討中國報應理論的如何建立. 文中首先討論王充,列子等對報應說的質疑,而提出的宿命觀,它也刺激人們對善惡報應的反省. 其次討論道教的承負說,最後討論佛教的三世輪迴說. 佛道二教都提出一套自圓其說的報應說,二者在不斷的激盪爭論中,逐漸融合成中國的報應說.
Hits442
Created date2001.04.11



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