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中國近代思想史上的「格義」--以譚嗣同《仁學》中的佛學為例=The "Ko-Yi" in the History of Modern Chinese Thought |
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| Author |
阮忠仁 =Juan, Chung-jen
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| Source |
嘉義師院學報=Journal of Chiayi Teachers College
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| Volume | n.11 |
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| Date | 1997.11 |
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| Pages | 363 - 390 |
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| Publisher | 臺灣省立嘉義師範學院 |
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| Location | 嘉義市, 臺灣 [Chia-i shih, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 733 |
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| Keyword | 阮忠仁; Juan, Chung-jen; 格義; 佛學; 儒家經世; 仁學; Ko-yi; Buddhism; Confucian ching-shih; Jen-hsueh |
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| Abstract | 「格義」盛行於魏晉(220-420)的佛教思想界，是指以中國思想對佛教思想進行分別對比異義或等列詮釋同義的思想研究方法. 十九世紀中葉以降，中國知識份子面對西方文化的衝擊，有時以中國思想來理解西方思想，有時又以西方思想來理解中國思想，這樣的思想研究方法，極類似於魏晉的「格義」，我們也稱之為「格義」. 筆者認為，分析中國近代思想史上的格義，可以讓我們對當時知識份子的思想及那時代提出新詮釋. 舉例來說，譚氏的《仁學》吸收了儒學，佛學，基督教義，科學，以致學者們分歧的把他認為唯物論者，唯心論者，儒家學者，佛教學者等. 唯透過格義的檢視，倫學，佛學，基督教義，科學，在譚氏思想中乃是並列存在，並沒達到融合的地步. 這樣的思想體系就是「格義」，也就是「多種概念的並存比配」，實無法把它歸類到某一學派或某一種學說. 又如近代儒家經世精神的發展，一些不同的思想，諸如佛學，基督教義，科學，對之不僅沒阻礙，反而可以強化其精神; 顯示中國近代的經世思想已非儒家之專利了.
Summary
"Ko-yi"(matching concepts) was a central methodology of thought in the Buddhist scholar in the Wei-Chin (220-420)，in which a Buddhist concept is equated with one in Chinese thought. In the period from the early 1890s to 1911，Chinese intelligentsia indulge in a tendency to interpret Western thought in Chinese thought，sometimes they interpret Chinese thought in Western thought，for this system，we also called"Ko-yi". Analyzing these"Ko-yi"in the history of modern Chinese thought，I believe，enables us to see their thought and the era in a new light. For example，T'an's usage of the Confucianism，Buddhism，Christianity，and some other scientific thought in his Jen-hsueh have led a number of scholars, to consider him a materialist，idealist，Confucian，and Buddhist. However，a study of T'an's"Ko-yi"reveals that his materialist，idealist，Confucian，and Buddhist owe more to the juxtaposition of thought，in which Confucianism，Buddhism，Christianity，and scientific thought were not synthesized，such a juxtaposition represents a"Ko-yi"，and therefore is a"matching concepts". Furthermore，which were basically outgrowths of the spirit of Confucian ching-shih, was marked more by dis-reinforcement than by reinforcement with the Buddhism，Christianity，and scientific. |
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| ISSN | 1560666X (P) |
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| Hits | 369 |
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| Created date | 2001.03.05 |
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| Modified date | 2023.08.08 |
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