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從天台圓教之建立試論圓教止觀的實踐
Author 釋法藏
Source 兩岸禪學研討會論文集(第3屆) -- 圓頓與次第
Date2001.10
Pages87-140
Publisher慈光禪學研究所
Publisher Url http://www.fozang.org.tw/graduate.htm
Location臺中縣, 臺灣 [Taichung hsien, Taiwan]
Content type會議論文=Proceeding Article
Language中文=Chinese
Note千華寺住持.僧伽教育院院長
Keyword各宗融合; 教觀雙美; 如來禪; 天台圓教; 天台判教=教判=classification of Buddhist teachings; 一佛乘; 追說追泯; 圓教止觀
Abstract長期以來由於戰亂所造成的人才凋零.教典散失,加以祖師禪及淨土法門的盛行乃至各宗融合思想的提倡等原因,使一向以教觀雙美著稱的天台教學,逐漸由於缺乏實踐與弘揚,而轉變成純教理的講說與研究,從而失去了其解行並進的原始風格.同時做為中國如來禪代表的天台禪法之不興,也造成了近代中國佛教禪法的普遍不振之窘境.尤其在少於實修的導引之下,不但逐漸使天台教理的研究走向表面化,失去其宗教實踐的深刻內涵,亦因此使天台圓教之妙義,在近代遭到了不少的誤解與質疑.如此將進一步地,從根上動搖了深受天台教學所影響的中國佛教之基礎,就此意義上說,則天台教觀的復興,其所關係的,已不再只是天台一宗一派的興衰而已.
為此,本文以止觀實踐的需要為出發,首就天台判教,來理解天台圓教的地位及其教.觀內涵,再依《法華》一佛乘及《涅槃》追說追泯之立場,闡明天台圓教在佛法上的重要性與所處之地位,以揭示出天台教法的圓融性與包容性,從而建立出一種能平等總持一切佛法而無遺的大乘認知及心量來.以此認知及心量為基礎,方足以進入天台圓教止觀的修持!
其次則嚐試以《摩訶止觀》為基礎,就天台圓教止觀的核心課題,來加以釐清及簡化.希望從中能整理出一個精簡的修觀脈絡,以使有緣的修學者,能對天台圓教止觀的具體下手處,有一比較完整具體而精要性的理解和把握.或能因此發揚實踐止觀修持的精神,從而更促成天台教觀乃至中國佛教的復興,則正是本文所衷心期盼的.
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