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禪門三百丈大師考
Author 徐文明 =Xu, Wen-ming
Source 佛學研究=Buddhist Studies=Journal of Buddhist Studies
Volumen.9
Date2000
Publisher中國佛教文化研究所
Location北京, 中國 [Beijing, China]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language中文=Chinese
Keyword佛教人物=Buddhist; 禪宗=Zen Buddhism=Zazen Buddhism=Chan Buddhism=Son Buddhism; 中國佛教史=Chinese Buddhist History
Abstract百丈懷海(749~814)為馬祖道一的親傳弟子,其下出為仰宗、臨濟宗,遞傳宗旨,影響深遠。對百丈懷海的名字,人們早已熟知,但對除了懷海之外,尚有另外兩位住錫百丈的大師,即懷海弟子百丈法正,和懷海之師兄百丈惟政,則知者不多。歷史上可能確實存在三位百丈大師。因年代久遠,三師的事跡常相互混淆,難以辨析。也由此造成不存在惟正其人的假像。因資料不足,這結論尚待推敲,但願有更多的學者對此問題產生興趣,以助最後的澄清,解迷團於千載下,開疑網于萬緒中。

百丈懷海,諸書皆載,對其在馬祖門下超然的地位,一向無人懷疑,然近人葛兆光先生獨持新說,以為懷海在馬祖門下的地位本來不高,其為馬祖門下第一人之說始自後世。此說頗有其理,但稍嫌論據不足,有待補充。對懷海的禪法和貢獻,前人論之已詳,且爭議不多。今謹就懷海的生卒史事略加探析。有關史料,以陳詡元和13年(818)《唐洪州百丈山故懷海禪師塔銘》為最早,其次是作於五代時期的《祖堂集》,和北宋初的《宋高僧傳》,三者最具代表性,後世皆踵其說。
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Created date2004.04.02
Modified date2018.05.11



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