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被遺忘的曼陀羅 -- 唐代初傳的金剛界曼陀羅=The Lost Mandala:the Origin of Vajradhatu Mandala in Tang |
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| Author |
賴依縵 (著)=Lai, I-man (au.)
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| Source |
故宮博物院院刊=Palace Museum Journal
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| Volume | n.5 |
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| Date | 2007 |
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| Pages | 16 - 26 |
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| Publisher | 紫禁城出版社 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.culturefc.cn/index/product.jhtml?act=index
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| Location | 北京, 中國 [Beijing, China] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 作者為臺北中央研究院歷史語言研究所博士後 |
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| Keyword | 唐代=Tang Dynasty; 金剛界曼陀羅=Vajra-dhatu Mandala; 四波羅蜜=Fourth Paramita; 三昧耶形=Samaya manifestation; 擬人化=iconic transformation |
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| Abstract | 本文探討了金剛智、不空師徒初傳于唐代的金剛界曼陀羅(即《金剛頂經》所述的金剛界大曼陀羅),作者一反過去成見,試圖闡明以擬人化的形式表現的金剛界三十七尊的曼陀羅並非唐代初傳期的金剛界曼陀羅,而最可能是由不空的弟子,即惠果等輩於8世紀末或9世紀初所完成的。證諸史料,金剛智、不空忠實于根本經典《金剛頂經》的指示,大日如來的四親近,即四波羅蜜是以三昧耶形的形式出現。但此種金剛界曼陀羅,在9世紀初的中國似乎被以菩薩形表現的四波羅蜜完全取代,消失於歷史洪流之中。反觀藏傳的金剛界曼陀羅,數百年來波羅蜜形與擬人化的四波羅蜜圖像並行不悖,在一定程度上反映了漢藏傳法演教歷史的歧異。
The article discusses the Vajra-dhatu Mandala (i.e.,the Vajra-dhatu Mandala described in the sutra Jingang-dingjing) said to have been first transmitted in the early Tang Dynasty by Vajramati and Amoghavajra (Bukong).The author looks at the various views,showing how the 27 deities of the original Vajra-dhatu had been rendered iconic and demonstrating that this could not have been a work of the early Tang but was most probably a late 8th or early 9th century work produced by disciples of Amoghavajra,such as Huiguo.The author makes use of historical documents to show that the Vajra-dhatu Mandala by Vajramati and Amoghavajra (Bukong) was loyal to the classic version of Jingang-dingjing because in it the fourth companion of Vairocana,the Fourth Paramita,is depicted in the manifestation of Samaya.But in China in the early 9th century this Vajra-dhatu Mandala depicted the Fourth Paramita as a Bodhisattva and the original manifestation had been discarded.However,when we look at Tibetan Buddhi... |
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| ISSN | 04527402 (P); 04527402 (E) |
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| Hits | 1002 |
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| Created date | 2010.08.11 |
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| Modified date | 2019.09.18 |
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