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當代越南佛教的政治參與=The Political Participation of the Modern Vietnamese Buddhism |
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| Author |
許文堂
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| Source |
臺灣東亞文明研究學刊=Taiwan Journal of East Asian Studies
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| Volume | v.9 n.2 (總號=n.18) |
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| Date | 2012.12 |
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| Pages | 57 - 108 |
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| Publisher | 國立臺灣師範大學國際與社會科學學院 |
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| Publisher Url |
https://www.ciss.ntnu.edu.tw/
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| Location | 臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 作者為中央研究院近代史研究所副研究員。 |
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| Keyword | 越南=Vietnam; 佛教與政治=Buddhism and politics; 統一佛教會=United Buddhist Church; 宗教自由=freedom of religion |
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| Abstract | 本文主要針對當代越南的佛教與政治參與過程，做一分析與歸納，希望藉此理解越南複雜的政教關係之面相。第二次世界大戰後，南北越分立，儘管兩個政權的憲法都標榜宗教自由，但事實卻不然，當政者屢屢或控制或利用或制壓宗教。從越南第一共和時期的政教關係緊張，到第二共和時期的佛教反戰運動，再到共產黨統一全越以後對宗教的管制或工具性利用達到政治宣傳教化，反映出佛教與越南社會秩序和支配關係正當化的重要關聯性。吳廷琰（Ngô Đình Diệm）時期對佛教徒的制壓，不僅引發佛教徒的抗爭，導致政權更替，也使往後接續的歷任政府必須面
This article, hoping to unfold the complicate picture of the Church and State relation, analyze and generalize the modern Vietnamese Buddhism and the process of its political participation. After WWII, the North and South
Vietnams were separated, although their governments both declared Freedom of religion, the governors still manipulated, utilized or quelled the religion or their organizations repeatedly. The important connection between the Buddhism and the social order and the legitimatization of dominance in Vietnam can be reflected from the tensions between the Church and the State during the first Vietnamese Republic, to the Buddhist antiwar movement and finally to the whole control and use of religion for political propaganda by the Vietnamese Communist Party since the 1975 Reunion. By continual suppressions on Buddhists, the Diem Government not only
cause the Buddhist protestation which lead to the coup d’état but also make the successive governments face the Buddhists’ political demands such as cease-fire, constitutional amendment and anti-corruption. Besides, an anti-American trend even emerged after the Communist Party's interpretation on these demands, which also complicated the reunion war. From “meditation practice” to “engaged Buddhist”, “sacred” to “trivialization”, followers of the United Buddhist Church, with their engaged and active attitude, use the traditional religious momentum to counteract the regimes and to facilitate the political reforms. And this reveals that the religion
is the creation which performs human being’s value. Keywords: Vietnam, Buddhism and politics, United Buddhist Church, freedom of religion |
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| Table of contents | 一、前言 59
二、南北越的政治分立及其宗教信仰立場 60
三、南越時代的佛教與政府的衝突 62
（一）佛教復興運動 62
（二）掛旗事件 64
（三）僧尼自焚 67
四、南越軍人與佛教徒 71
（一）統一佛教會成立 71
（二）軍人政府與第二共和 75
五、南北越統一後的佛教處境 79
（一）箝制宗教組織發展 79
（二）90 年代迄今的反動力量 84
六、觀察 : 代結語 98
參考文獻 104
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| ISSN | 18126243 (P) |
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| Hits | 326 |
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| Created date | 2013.10.25 |
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| Modified date | 2019.07.24 |
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