南北朝彌勒圖像與信仰=The Maitreya Cult and Its Imagery from the Northern and Southern Dynasties

李玉珉 (著)=Lee, Yu-min (au.)

Author

李玉珉 (著)=Lee, Yu-min (au.)

Source

故宮學術季刊=The National Palace Museum Research Quarterly

Volume

v.30 n.2 冬季號

Date

2012.12

Pages

1 - 101

Publisher

國立故宮博物院

Publisher Url

https://www.npm.gov.tw/

Location

臺北市, 臺灣 [Taipei shih, Taiwan]

Content type

期刊論文=Journal Article

Language

中文=Chinese

Note

國立故宮博物院書畫處

Keyword

彌勒信仰=Maitreya cult; 區域研究=Regional study; 彌勒圖像=Maitreya imagery; 南北朝=Northern and Southern Dynasties; 南朝=Southern Dynasties; 北朝=Northern Dynasties

Abstract

南北朝時期，彌勒信仰流行，彌勒造像數量可觀，圖像樣貌繁雜。本文從區域研究的角度出發，運用藝術史圖像學與圖像結構學的方法，結合造像題記和歷史文獻，來討論南北朝的圖像發展、地域特色、圖像源流和流傳、信仰內涵等問題。印度是佛教的發源地，對中國早期的彌勒圖像影響深遠，但到了北魏中、晚期，彌勒信仰鼎盛一時，不但造像數量可觀，圖像也變化多端，其中不乏中國自創的彌勒圖像。同時，本研究亦發現，南北朝各地流行的彌勒圖像，不但南、北兩方不同，太行山的東、西兩地也有別。最後，本文根據彌勒像的配置、圖像特徵、題記稱名和祈願內容等，指出南北朝彌勒信仰雖有上生與下生之說，但二者的目標實無軒輊，殊途同歸。

The Maitreya cult spread in China during the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and a considerable number of Maitreya sculptures were produced at this time featuring complex imagery. This study takes a regional approach to these images using the methods of iconography and iconology. Along with the inscriptions on sculptures and historical documents, they offer a means to discuss issues related to the development of imagery, regional characteristics, the origins and circulation of various types of Maitreya imagery, and religious contents related to the cult during the Northern and Southern Dynasties. Buddhism originated in India, which had a profound impact on early Chinese Maitreya imagery. By the middle and late Northern Wei dynasty, the Maitreya cult reached a peak. Not only were many sculptures produced, their imagery underwent considerable change, among them appearing many Maitreya images with Chinese innovations. In addition, this study has discovered that the Maitreya imagery circulating in various regions during the Northern and Southern Dynasties demonstrate not only differences between north and south, but also east and west of the Taihang Mountains. Finally, this study points out that, according to the placement of Maitreya sculptures, iconographic features, the names of images and prayers mentioned in inscriptions, etc., although the Maitreya cult in the Northern and Southern Dynasties consisted of two aspects, that is, descending to Ketumati with the Maitreya Buddha and ascending to Tusita Heaven to meet the Maitreya Bodhisattva, the goal of the two actually reveals no differentiation, for they reach the same end only using different methods.

Table of contents

前言 2
一、彌勒圖像的區域研究 5
(一) 甘肅 5
(二) 陜西 13
(三) 山西 19
(四) 河南 28
(五) 河北 33
(六) 山東 40
(七) 南朝 44
二、綜合分析與討論 54
(一) 圖像發展 54
(二) 區域特色 57
(三) 圖像源流與傳播 58
三、南北朝的彌勒信仰 63
結論 66

ISSN

10119094 (P)

	Search Criteria	Browse