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『妙法蓮華経』における「時(ジ)」字解釈試論(一) -「若不時出」の「時」の字義=On the Usage of the Character shi(時)in the Miao fa lian hua jing(妙法蓮華経)Series No. 1 |
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| Author |
鳥居達久 (著)=Torii, Tatsuhisa (au.)
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| Source |
仙石山論集=Sengokuyama journal of Buddhist studies
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| Volume | n.1 |
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| Date | 2004.09.30 |
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| Pages | 1 - 31 |
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| Publisher | 国際仏教学大学院大学 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.icabs.ac.jp/
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| Location | 東京, 日本 [Tokyo, Japan] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 日文=Japanese |
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| Note | 鳥居達久(国際仏教学大学院大学修了生／博士（文学）) |
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| Keyword | 中国; 仏教学; 竺道生; 鳩摩羅什; 智顗; 妙法蓮華経; 妙法蓮華経疏; 法花経疏; 時; 若不時出 |
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| Abstract | This paper is part of a by-product of the author's doctoral dissertation submitted to I.C.A.B.S in December, 2000. The dissertation represents the study of a commentary written in C.E. 432 by Zhu Daosheng (竺道生) on the Miao fa lian hua jing (妙法蓮華経) or the Lottts of Marvelous Dharma Sutra (hereinafter referred to as the Marvelous Dharma Lotus). This commentary is known as the oldest among the many extant commentaries of the Marvelous Dharma Lotus translated by Kumarajiva in C.E 406. Here one can easily infer that Zhu Daosheng's commentary enjoys a two-fold advantage over other commentaries: one is that it stands at the very beginning in the history of the formation of the doctrines of the Marvelous Dharma Lotus and the other is that Zhu Daosheng's commentary is the closest to the Marvelous Dharma Lotus with respect to time and also the content and language. Daosheng is known as one of the many Chinese monks who assisted in the translation of the Marvelous Dharma Lottts. The two- fold advantage will eventually enable one to understand more objectively and correctly the message of the Marvelous Dharma Lotus. This paper is written from the standpoint of the closeness of the language between Daosheng's commentary and the Marvelous Dharma Lotus.
The paper quotes usage examples from contemporary writings of Daosheng. By closely exarnining Daosheng's commentary word usage, one can find the same word or character usage in the Marvelous Dharma Lotus. As one of such characters, this paper deals with the usage of shi (時) which is commonly used to mean 'time.'
The character shi, however, has various meanings through different usages such as noun, demonstrative pronoun, conjunction, or adverbial pronoun which is called as 代詞 by grammarians of classical Chinese language. Zhu Daosheng's commentary has several of these usages and one finds the same usages of shi in the Marvelous Dharma Lotus.
Interestingly enough, almost all the occurrences of shi in the Marvelous Dharrna Lotus seem to be construed by Japanese and non-Japanese scholars to be related to time, There are about 490 occurrences of shi appearing in the Marvelous Dharma Lotus. It can be estimated that more than ten percent of the shi have doubtful readings.
In order to clarify this problem, this paper quotes a paragraph about the 'burning house' from Chapter Three of the Marvelous Dharrna Lotus and analyses the meaning of shi at several places. The Sanskrit version is also employed for this analysis. The result of the survey, for example, is that the sentence 我及諸子。若不時出。必為所焚 (Taisho 9, 12c5) should be read as: 'If my children and I do not get out of here, we shal1 certainly be burned up by it,' instead of, 'If my children and I do not get out at once, we shall certainly be burmed up by it.' (quote from Bunno Kato, et al (tr.): 71he Three-Fbld Lotus Sutra, New York - Weatherhill / Tokyo - Kosei, 1975, p.86); or, 'If we do not get out in time, the children and I shall certainly be burnt.' (quote from Leon Hurvitz (tr.):Scripture of the Lotus Blossorn of the Fine Dharrna, New York - Columbia University Press, 1976, p.59). |
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| Table of contents | [Table of Contents]
はじめに p.1
一、竺道生撰『法花経疏』における「時」字の用例 p.3
二、『妙法蓮華経』翻訳の背景事情 p.6
三、考察範囲の経文 ⋯「譬喩品」火宅喩長行 p.9
四、「若不時出」の考察 p.11
（一）経文の流れに基づく検討 p.12
（二）既存文献類の「若不時出」の訓読方法、理解内容 p.13
（三）『妙法華経』以外の各種文献による「若不時出」の確認 p.15
（四）「若不時出」の読み p.20
おわりに p.23
注 p.25 |
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| ISSN | 13494341 (P) |
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| Hits | 147 |
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| Created date | 2016.07.19 |
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| Modified date | 2019.02.26 |
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