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避風港:1949年前後的香港佛教
Author 侯坤宏 (著)=Hou, Kun-hung (au.)
Source 人間佛教研究=International Journal for the Study of Humanistic Buddhism
Volumen.7
Date2016
Pages97 - 157
Publisher中文大學出版社
Publisher Url https://www.chineseupress.com/
Location香港, 中國 [Hong Kong, China]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language中文=Chinese
Keyword香港佛教=Buddhism in Hong Kong ; 流亡僧人=refugee monks ; 逃亡潮=exodus; 台灣佛教=Buddhism in Taiwan
Abstract1945–1949年前後,隨著中華人民共和國建立,大批難民湧入香港,其中有不少佛教界僧人。這些流亡僧,就籍貫上看,以東北與華北、江南地區最多;從年齡上看,有七、八十歲的長老,有十幾歲的僧青年;就教育程度言,有留學生、大學生、中學生、小學生;從資歷上看,有名山古寺退居老和尚,方丈、都監、監院、法師等。這批南下僧人,後來有些留在香港,如天台法脈的倓虛、定西、永惺、體敬等法師,以及南京棲霞山的超塵法師;有些又回到中國,如虛雲和尚、巨贊法師;有些則輾轉到台灣,如印順、演培、續明、道安、樂觀、濟濤、道海、惠光、太滄等法師;甚至到更遠的地方,如樂渡、度輪、敏智法師等之赴美洲。有研究者指出,因香港緊鄰中國大陸,成為「一個黑暗與光明分界的橋樑」。本文想了解的是:1945–1949年前後這些僧人來到香港的歷程,以及他們留港期間的生活狀況;此外,本文也將分析他們對下一步選擇之去處,如台灣、東南亞、北美等地佛教發展的影響。希望藉由本文的探討,可以提供讀者了解1949年前後香港佛教的部分實況。

With the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, a huge number of refugees flooded into Hong Kong, among whom were many Buddhist monks. A majority of the monks came from Manchuria, North China and South China, and their ages ranged from septuagenarians or above and teenage. Their educational backgrounds and monastic experiences also varied. Some of them subsequently settled in Hong Kong, including Masters Tan Xu, Ding Xi, Yong Xing and Ti Jing, who belonged to the Tiantai School. Some, such as Xu Yun and Ju Zan, decided to return to mainland China. Still others headed for Taiwan, like Masters Yin Shun, Yan Pei, Shu Ming, Dao An, Le Guan and Tai Cang, or for America, such as Masters Le Du, Du Lung and Min Zhi. People once argued that, after 1949, Hong Kong had become a bridge dividing the world of darkness and that of light. This article seeks to retrace the paths of these refugee monks between 1945 and 1949, their living conditions while staying in Hong Kong, and how their final destinations impacted the development of local Buddhism in Taiwan, Southeast Asia and North America. This research also seeks to provide a clearer landscape about Buddhism in Hong Kong around 1949.
Table of contents一、前言 98
二、1949年前後的香港難民潮 99
三、僧人南逃赴港 103
(一)倓虛法師與天台僧群 103
(二)南京棲霞山在香港創辦棲霞分院 108
(三)屬於禪宗系統者 110
(四)印順法師及其門下弟子 112
(五)除上述天台法脈倓虛法師一系僧人與南京棲霞山僧團,以及屬於禪宗系統、印順法師及其門下弟子外,依可見史料,另有數人 114
四、逃港落難僧人的生活 119
(一)經懺維生 119
(二)養豬殺牛 121
(三)墮落僧行 122
(四)來自台灣的援助 123
(五)天台僧人的講學活動 124
(六)惠光法師講授禪學 124
(七)道安法師的講經經驗 124
(八)印順法師的講學與著述 125
五、逃亡香港僧人的下一步 126
(一)回中國大陸 129
(二)留駐香港 133
(三)轉往台灣 135
(四)往南洋地區 141
(五)往北美地區 143
六、結論 144
徵引及參考文獻 149
ISSN2223800X (P)
Hits782
Created date2017.02.07
Modified date2025.03.17



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