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初唐至盛唐時期敦煌莫高窟西方凈土變的發展=On the Composition of the Western Pure Land Illustrations in the Mogao Caves Dating from the Early Tang to High Tang Periods |
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| Author |
八木春生 (著)=Yagi, Haruo (au.)
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姚瑤 (譯)=Yao, Yao (tr.)
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| Source |
敦煌研究=Dunhuang Research
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| Volume | n.1 (總號=n.161) |
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| Date | 2017 |
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| Pages | 35 - 53 |
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| Publisher | 敦煌研究編輯部 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.dha.ac.cn/
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| Location | 蘭州, 中國 [Lanzhou, China] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 作者單位：筑波大學人間綜合科學研究科；譯者單位：東南大學藝術學院 |
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| Keyword | 敦煌莫高窟唐前期=Early Tang caves at Mogao; 西方凈土變=Western Pure Land illustration; 粉本=draft; 十六觀=sixteen meditations; 彌勒經變=Maitreya sutra illustration |
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| Abstract | 自貞觀十六年(642)題記的第220窟開始，敦煌莫高窟中的唐代西方凈土表現一改此前的畫面中央繪樹下說法圖並在四周環繞千佛的形式，而利用大畫面(整幅壁面)來表現西方凈土景象的形式逐漸成為主流。唐前期第三期時，西方凈土變的外圍還增加了十六觀和未生怨，來對《觀無量壽經》進行詳盡說明。其他變相圖中也能看到這種對經典進行說明性表現的傾向，因此，可以說從唐前期第三期開始，變相圖的性質發生了改變。本文旨在探明自唐前期第二期出現的大畫面西方凈土變，其構圖在第三、四期時分別發生了何種變化，並考察成因，以此深化對敦煌莫高窟唐前期諸窟的理解。
Beginning with Cave 220 which dates from the 16th year of the Zhenguan era (642 CE), Tang dynasty illustrations of the Western Pure Land school at Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes were large productions usually occupying a whole wall surface, compared with previous compositions that generally consist of a central scene of the Buddha preaching under the trees surrounded by the thousand-Buddha motifs. In the third phase of Early Tang caves, Western Pure Land illustrations added two scenes of the Sixteen Meditations and the story of King Bimbisāra and Ajāta atru as a detailed explanation of the Amitayus Sutra. This trend can also be observed in other sutra illustrations, from which it can be seen that the nature of sutra illustrations had changed since the third phase of the Early Tang period. This paper aims to explore what changes had taken place in large-sized sutra illustrations in the third and fourth phases of the Early Tang, and to identify which changes appeared in the second phase and for what reason. |
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| Table of contents | 序 36
一、唐前期第二期諸窟的西方凈土變 36
二、唐前期第二期大畫面西方凈土變相圖 37
A.第341窟南壁 37
B.第329窟南壁 38
C.第321窟北壁、第335窟南壁、第71窟北壁 39
三、唐前期第三期諸窟的西方凈土變相圖 41
A.無外緣部的西方凈土變 40
a.第445窟南壁 41
b.第124窟北壁 42
B.有外緣部的西方凈土變 42
a.第217窟北壁 42
b.第103窟北壁(圖14a)、第66窟北壁(圖15a) 43
四、唐前期第四期西方凈土變 45
A.第171窟 45
B.第172窟 45
C.第320窟北壁 47
D.第148窟東壁 47
五、唐前期第三、四期諸窟西方凈土變的構圖以及與外緣部的關系 48
A.十六觀圖像 48
B.十六觀表現和西方凈土變 49
六、西方凈土變構圖以外的特徵 49
A.與西方凈土變相組合的變相圖 49
B.第三期開始諸變相圖的特徵 50
C.粉本的使用及對經典的理解 51
結語 52 |
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| ISSN | 10004106 (P) |
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| DOI | 10.13584/j.cnki.issn1000-4106.2017.01.021 |
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| Hits | 322 |
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| Created date | 2020.08.24 |
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| Modified date | 2020.08.24 |
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