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Narratives of Buddhist decline and the concept of the sect (zong) in modern Chinese Buddhist thought=現代中國的佛教衰落敘述與宗派概念 |
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| Author |
Schicketanz, Erik
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| Source |
Studies in Chinese Religions
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| Volume | v.3 n.3 |
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| Date | 2017 |
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| Pages | 281 - 300 |
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| Publisher | 中国社会科学院=Institute of World Religions, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences(CASS); Taylor & Francis Group |
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| Publisher Url |
http://casseng.cssn.cn/
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| Location | Leeds, UK [里茲, 英國] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 英文=English |
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| Keyword | Sect=宗派; decline=衰弱; Japan=日本; historiography=史學; Holmes Welch=霍姆斯 ・韋爾奇; anti-sectarianism=反宗派主義 |
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| Abstract | This article critically engages the work of Holmes Welch on the ‘Buddhist revival’ in modern China. It focuses on two aspects that received only scant attention in Welch’s work, but that are crucial to understanding what was occurring in Chinese Buddhism. The first half of the article provides an analysis of the narratives of Buddhist decline that existed during the late Qing and Republican periods. Rather than reflecting historical realities, such narratives must be understood as a device employed by Chinese Buddhists and intellectuals to justify reforms in Buddhism. The second half brings this argument into conversation with contacts to Japan during the same period. Under the influence of Japanese works on Chinese Buddhist history, a narrative of Chinese Buddhist decline was introduced into China that was predicated on a particularly Japanese notion of the Buddhist sect (zong 宗). The two narratives interacted and the result was that Chinese Buddhists saw the reason for the perceived decline in the loss of most of the distinct sects that had supposedly marked the flourishing of Buddhism during the Sui and Tang. Although not reflecting Chinese Buddhist realities, this interest in Buddhist sects subsequently became a central part of modern Chinese Buddhist discourse.
本文將批判性地探討霍姆斯 ・韋爾奇關於在十九世紀末和二十世紀初的中國的“佛教復興”的論述。在韋爾奇的論述中關於現代中國佛教的兩個方面未被給予足夠的重視，然而理解它們對於解析在此期間的中國佛教的經緯極為重要。本文的前半部分致力於，對從晚清至民國期間的佛教衰落敘述的分析。本文認為，這種敘述，比起反映歷史事實，更應被理解成為一種策略性的手段，被中國佛教徒和知識分子用以正當化佛教組織和實踐中的改革。本文的后半部分把這種論証引入了同一時期日本的相關語境中。在日本史學著作對中國佛教的影響下，這種基於特殊的日式佛教教派（宗）的中國佛教衰落的敘述被介紹到中國。在兩種敘述的相互影響下，其結果是，中國的佛教徒開始把認識到的中國佛教衰落的原因歸結為，失去了大多數被認為標志著隋唐時佛教繁榮的獨特宗派。雖然沒有反映中國佛教的現實———歷史的或當代的———這種對於佛教宗派的興趣，后來成為了現代中國佛教話語的核心部分。 |
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| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1080/23729988.2017.1392197 |
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| Hits | 300 |
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| Created date | 2021.03.24 |
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| Modified date | 2021.03.24 |
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