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智旭與成時淨土詮釋之轉變： 以《彌陀要解》之《草堂本》及《歙蒲本》差異性為中心=The Modulation of Pure Land Hermeneutics from Zhi-Xu to Chan-Shi by Reflecting the Differentiation of the Two Versions in Tripiṭaka of “The Explanation of Amito Sūtra” of Zhi-Xu |
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釋善想 (著)=Shi, Shan-sean (au.)
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| Source |
圓光佛學學報=Yuan Kuang Journal of Buddhist Studies
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| Volume | n.37 |
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| Date | 2021.06 |
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| Pages | 77 - 138 |
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| Publisher | 圓光佛學研究所=Yuan Kuang Buddhist College |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.ykbi.edu.tw/
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| Location | 桃園縣, 臺灣 [Taoyuean hsien, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 作者單位：華梵大學博士班 |
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| Keyword | 一念三千=trilicosm in one though; 法界緣起=dharmadhātu pratītya samutpāda; 彌陀淨土=the pure Land of Amito Buddha; 念佛圓通=Buddha remembrance; 唯識無境=consciousness only; 四釋消文=four explanation of sūtra sentence |
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| Abstract | 傳統上學者界定智旭，無非是從他以天台「五重玄義」釋經論之教理，又以持名念佛導歸淨土為觀行，進而判屬智旭為「教宗天台、行歸淨土」的天台兼淨土行者。然從天台論諍史追溯，智旭不但堪稱一部活生生的天台思想演變史之總彚，教從天台的「五重玄義」方法學之外，其實智旭學更包含融通諸宗、法法皆圓，導歸淨土的思想詮釋。
從史料中發現，智旭晚年對於《佛說阿彌陀經》，重新校訂其《佛說阿彌陀經要解》著作，而有《草堂本》（收錄於《大正藏》）與《歙浦本》（收錄於《卍續藏》）之分，其實富藏意義深廣。再者，成時為智旭晚年的侍者，《淨土十要》即依智旭選定的十篇淨土文加以刊印，其中《歙浦本》被收錄在第一要，並稱其為「今解精徹確正，堪為要中之要」。然成時在序文中，反以天台「四釋消文」稍作短評，其意欲為何值得深究。
本文要探討的主題可分為兩大部分，首先，將從《草堂本》與《歙浦本》的差異性出發，試圖比較智旭增訂文句的差異性所在，並引文證説明兩文本修訂之意欲，分成三大部分、五方面討論智旭以法法皆圓、會歸淨土之主張：一者、天台心識觀；二者、諸宗融攝會歸淨土，其中包括：攝相歸性之唯識融攝、法界緣起之華嚴融攝、念佛即禪之禪門融攝；三者、以性具唯心彰顯西方同居淨土之殊勝。再者，從「五重玄義」與「四釋消文」觀察智旭、成時淨土詮釋方法，並且討論成時以法界緣起為主軸的淨土思想轉變。最後，客觀佛學研究與主觀工夫實踐是相得益彰的，方法學有助於吾人釐清古德註解的本懷，但消歸自心的持名往生方能領
納家珍，主客之間的情智共鳴，更有助於圓滿生命的過程。
Traditionally, people take Zhi-Xu as a master crossing Tien-Tai and Pure Land teaching. It is because of he used five meaning of sūtra metaphysics of Tien-Tai to explain sūtra and advocated chating Buddha's name of Amito as practice method.
One of famous Buddhism literary works of Zhi-Xu is “The Explanation of Amito Buddha Sūtra”. According to our study, we found
there are two versions collecting in Tripiṭaka. The first one was published by Zhi-Xu when he was 49 years old, and another updated version of Zhi-Xu was published by his disciple, Chan-Shi, after Zhi-Xu passed away. Why Zhi-Xu got updated version is the major motivation of our research. Besides, Chan-Shi put some comments at updated version and said, “It is the most important explanation of important literary works related to Pure Land Buddhism”. However, he didn’t
follow the methodology of five meaning of sūtra metaphysics as usual as Zhi-Xu used but four explanation of sūtra sentence. It is valuable to do more research.
In this paper, we start by two sections. The first section is about the methodology of how Zhi-Xu integrated the thoughts across multiple sects of Chinese Buddhist, it can be separated into five parts including, the consciousness teaching of Tien-Tai, assemble condition and reunite nature of Yogācāra, dharmadhātu pratītya samutpāda of Huayan, chating Buddha's name is the practice of chan and ultimate mind with Buddha Nature inside of Pure Land Buddhism. The second section is more discussion about why Zhi-Xu used methodology of five meaning of sūtra metaphysics to dig out deep meaning of sūtra, but Chan-Shi used four explanation of sūtra sentence as explaining method to address
dharmadhātu pratītya samutpāda from Huayan’s point of view. Why Chan-Shi got this change is another discussing point of our research.
Finally, the methodology of Buddhism research is useful to identify the deep meaning of masters’ explanations, however, practicing
the meaning of Perfect Teaching into our life is more conducive to the way of being Buddha to everyone. |
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| Table of contents | 一、前言 82
二、智旭、成時之法脈傳承與《要解》之二次付梓 86
(一) 智旭、成時的法脈傳承 86
(二)《要解》的二次付梓 89
三、《草堂本》與《歙蒲本》文句之差異分析 93
(一) 現前一念心的天台學演變溯源 96
(二) 唯心性具與四悉檀的淨土學融攝 104
(三) 法界緣起的華嚴學融攝 113
(四) 念佛即禪觀的禪學融攝 119
四、《歙蒲本》「五重玄義」與〈十要重刻序〉「四釋消文」之比較 121
(一)「五重玄義」與智旭的諸宗融攝主張 121
(二)「四釋消文」與成時的法界緣起側重 125
五、結論 134
引用文獻 136 |
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| ISSN | 16086848 (P) |
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| Hits | 861 |
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| Created date | 2021.11.11 |
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| Modified date | 2022.08.03 |
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