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漢譯된 禪經류가 초기 중국불교 수행론에 끼친 영향=Effect of seongyeong(禪經)ryu translated into Chinese to Zen meditation theory of Chinese Buddhism at the beginning
Author 최은영=Choi, Eun-young
Source 불교연구=佛教研究=Bulgyo-Yongu
Volumev.29 n.0
Date2008.08.26
Pages215 - 243
Publisher韓國佛教研究院
Publisher Url http://kibs.or.kr/xe/
LocationKorea [韓國]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language韓文=Korean
Note저자정보: 금강대 HK연구교수.
Keyword구마라집=Kumarajiva; 禪經=seongyeong=Chanjing; 염불관; 계차별관; 5문; 5정심; the four stations of mindfulness; the five path of meditation; gye-cha-byeol view; abhidharma
Abstract본 논문은 鳩摩羅什을 포함하여 그 전후 시기에 한역된 禪經類들을 고찰하여, 초기에 중국에 전래된 修行法의 모습과 특징을 검토한 것이다.
선경류에 드러난 수행법들은 선수행자를 위해 중심되었던 초기불교 선수행법을 소개하고, 여기에 초기불교 수행법에는 자세하게 설명되지 않았고 비교적 후대에 성립되었을 것 같은 관경류들의 관법이 섞여들어가 있다. 구마라집이 한역한 선경류들도 주로 소승적 수행법과 觀佛, 觀四無量心 등이 혼재된 형태이다. 특히 『坐禪三昧經』에서 단도직입적으로 수행하는데 장애가 큰 요소를 對治하는 수행법을 소개한 것은 이후 중국불교 수행론, 특히 천태수행법에 있어서는 근간이 된다고 볼 수 있다.
본 논문은 초기 선경류에 소개된 구체적 수행법의 내용 중에서 특히 界差別觀과 念佛觀을 중심으로 해서, 그에 따라 영향을 받았을 초기 중국불교 수행법의 특성을 고찰해 보았다.
초기에 한역된 경전에서 계차별관 용어는 不淨觀에서 몸관찰하는 방법의 일부로 설명되거나, 분명하게 용어가 발견되지 않았다. 후대 중국불교 수행속에서 계차별관은 주로 華嚴과 天台의 수행법으로 자세히 소개되었다. 그러나 천태나 화엄 모두 이전 시대에 유행하였던 초기 선경류 속에서 5門과 5停心이 분명하게 구분되지 않았던 영향으로 인해, 염불관과 계차별관에 대해 혼재된 입장을 가지고 있다.
초기 선경류에서 계차별관이 거의 소개되지 않은 반면, 간단하면서도 널리 소개된 念佛觀(相)法은 중국적 사고의 특성상 매우 쉽게 받아들여질 수 있었을 것이라고 생각한다. 복잡하고 세세한 阿毘達磨 계열의 수행법을 피하여 단순하면서도 집중력이 높았던 염불의 방법을 활용한 것이 초기 중국불교수행의 한 특성이 되었다고 논자는 생각한다. 나아가 밀교와 관련된 경전의 도래로 염불이나 圖像과 관련된 觀相法과 의례들이 전래된 후에는 계차별관보다 염불관에 더욱 힘을 실어주었을 가능성이 높다. 바꾸어 말하면 중국에서는 5停心보다는 5門의 禪經 수행법이 보다 직접적인 영향을 주었다고 볼 수 있다.

In this thesis, I have looked into seongyeong(Chanjing)ryu translated into Chinese as well as Kumarajiva at around its contemporary times, while reviewing and investigating figures and characteristics of Zen meditation method Zen meditation method handed over from China at the beginning.
The Zen meditation method found in seongyeongryu introduced Zen meditation method at the beginning of Buddhism centered for Zen meditation trainee, and was mixed with vipassana(觀法) such as gwanggyeong(guanjing; 觀經)ryu that might have been set up in the relatively latter period of the times without explaining what Zen meditation method was like at the beginning of Buddhism. Seongyeongryu, translated into Chinese by Kumarajiva, shows us that they were mainly mixed types between seoseung Zen meditation method and seeing-Buddha(觀佛), seeing-four-unlimited heart(觀四無量心), etc. In particular, It is deemed to form a basis in Zen meditation theory of Chinese Buddhism, especially, Tiantai Zen meditation method that they had introduced Zen meditation method which had been a big obstacle to conducting Jwaseonsammaegyeong(坐禪三昧經).
In this thesis, I have taken into consideration of the characteristics of Zen meditation method at the beginning of Chinese Buddhism that might have been affected based upon gye-cha-byeol view(界差別觀) and buddha's-sati(念佛觀) among Zen meditation methods that were introduced in seongyeongryu at the beginning.
The term of gye-cha-byeol view, when used in scriptures of translated-into-Chinese version was regarded as part of methods that observe the body in the impurity-view(不淨觀), or it didn't mean anything clear to us. gye-cha-byeol view, in the latter period of Buddhistic training of China, was introduced mainly as Huayen and Tiantai's Zen meditation method. But, Tiantai or Huayen had a confused stance over yeombulgwan and gyechabeolgwan because the five path of meditation(五門禪) and five-jeongshim(五停心) were not clearly divided in light of seongyeongryu at the beginning that were popular in the former period of the times.
While gye-cha-byeol view was hardly introduced in the beginning of seongyeongryu, a simple and widespread buddha's-sati method is deemed, I think, to have been easily acceptable to characteristics from the viewpoint of Chinese way of thinking. It is, as far as I am concerned, one of the characteristics of training of Chinese Buddhism at the beginning that they had adopted a method of a Buddhist invocation that was simple, but concentrating, getting away from a complicated and delicate Zen meditation method of an abhidharma system. Further, with an advent of scriptures such as esoteric Buddhism, they had been more likely to appeal to buddha's-sati rather than gye-cha-byeol view ever since a Buddhist invocation, picture, and related vipassana's method, and rituals were introduced.

Table of contentsⅠ. 들어가는 말 218
Ⅱ. 선경류 한역의 배경과 상황 219
Ⅲ. 선경류에 대한 고찰: 5門과 5停心의 성립배경을 중심으로 224
Ⅳ. 계차별관과 염불관의 관점에서 고찰한 선경류 230
Ⅴ. 맺음말: 선경류의 영향으로 본 초기 중국불교 수행관 237
ISSN12253154 (P)
Hits156
Created date2022.01.24
Modified date2022.01.24



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