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Mandala Hermeneutics and the Source-Trace Theory in Early Medieval Japanese Esoteric Buddhism |
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| Author |
McMullen, Matthew (著)
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| Source |
International Journal of Buddhist Thought & Culture=국제불교문화사상사학회
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| Volume | v.31 n.2 |
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| Date | 2021.12 |
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| Pages | 101 - 128 |
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| Publisher | International Association for Buddhist Thought and Culture |
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| Publisher Url |
http://iabtc.org/
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| Location | Seoul, Korea [首爾, 韓國] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 英文=English |
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| Note | Author Affiliations: Senior Research Fellow at the Nanzan Institute for Religion and Culture and Assistant Professor at Nanzan University |
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| Keyword | mandala; esoteric Buddhism; hermeneutics; Tiantai; Shingon |
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| Abstract | The configurations of buddhas and deities in the Vajradhātu and Garbhadhātu Mandalas are traditionally thought to represent the contents of the Sarvatathāgatatattvasaṃgraha and the Mahāvairocanābhisaṃbodhi Sūtra, the primary sutras of the Japanese Shingon school of esoteric Buddhism. Although praised for their detailed iconography and noted for their ritual function in consecration rites, the mandala also played a role in a discourse among Tendai and Shingon scholiasts regarding the relationship between Vairocana and Śākyamuni. The structure of the Garbhadhātu Mandala, in particular, and the relative positioning of the buddhas in this mandala became a matter of debate in the Tendai school, who had long considered these to be the same buddha by different names.
To resolve this doctrinal problem, they created an interpretative framework, or mandala hermeneutic, for explaining the network of the buddhas and deities in the mandala in which individual beings functioned as “source” and “trace” of the Buddha’s teachings. The theory of source and trace (honji suijaku) was the ideological basis for the assimilation of buddhas and local deities in Japan, constituting the core of medieval Japanese religion. In this article, I explore the development of the source-trace theory as it evolved from an exegetical paradigm in Chinese Buddhism to a hermeneutic in early medieval Japan for explaining the connections between the deities in the Garbhadhātu Mandala. |
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| Table of contents | Abstract 102
The Art of Source and Trace in the Study of Japanese Religion 104
Source-Trace as an Exegetical Paradigm in Chinese Buddhism 107
The Positions of Vairocana and Śākyamuni in the Garbhadhātu Mandala 111
The Source-Trace Hermeneutic and Sequences for Entering the Garbhadhātu Mandala 115
Conclusion 119
Notes 121
References 124
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| ISSN | 15987914 (P) |
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| DOI | 10.16893/IJBTC.2021.12.31.2.101 |
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| Hits | 55 |
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| Created date | 2022.02.20 |
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| Modified date | 2022.02.20 |
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