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心不相應行法中的眾同分―以說一切有部論書為中心=Nikāyasabhāga in Cittaviprayuktasaṃskāras—Focus on the Śāstra of Sarvāstivāda
Author 釋見暄 (著)=Shi, Jian-xuan (au.)
Date2021
Pages1 - 134
Publisher法鼓文理學院
Publisher Url https://www.dila.edu.tw/
Location新北市, 臺灣 [New Taipei City, Taiwan]
Content type博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation
Language中文=Chinese
Degreemaster
Institution法鼓文理學院
Department佛教學系
Advisor釋見弘
Publication year109
Keyword心不相應行法=citta-viprayukta-saṃskāras; 眾同分=nikāya-sabhāga; 說一切有部=Sarvāstivāda; 《俱舍論》=Vasubandhu; 《順正理論》=Saṅghabhadra
Abstract眾同分是有部對一切法的具體細分過程所呈現的產物,此法在《品類足論》將一切法劃分為「五位六十七法」的範疇下,判攝為心不相應行法其中之一法,並將其定義為「有情同類性」。有部認為有情在輪迴或修道的過程中,由於眾同分的作用,使其成為那一類的有情。因此本文考察「眾同分」在說一切有部的學說中所扮演的角色,尤其當有情輪迴或修道的過程中,如何發揮眾同分的作用。
有部主張「心不相應行法」為實有,而眾同分是否實有的問題在《俱舍論》中受到重視。世親雖以闡明有部的論義,但卻以經量部義來質疑有部眾同分實法的主張。因此,本文即試著從論師對「眾同分」實有性的論證,探究有部主張「眾同分」是實有的原由,並且透過站在經部立場的世親《俱舍論》與維護有部宗義的眾賢《順正理論》,如何論爭「同分實有」的成立與否。
根據世親的批判方向主要鎖定有部成立「無差別覺及施設」的論據,即有能緣同分之覺解,以及能詮同分之名言,是以認識論與語言論為立場的批判。眾賢《順正理論》對「同分實有」的辯護,則設置在業論的觀點,也就是依循有部宗義強調眾同分在業果輪迴中發揮其作用的立場而論。即使眾賢並未完全正面回應關於「無差別覺及施設」的論難,但世親則以同樣的業果輪迴的角度破斥有部的實有說,並且主張眾同分不是作為類似性的個別實體,只是名言施設,假立名為「眾同分」。

nikāya-sabhāga is the product of Sarvāstivāda’s specific subdivision process of all Dharma, and is defined as "the homogeneity of sentient beings. Sarvāstivāda believes that sentient beings become that kind of sentient beings due to the role of nikāya-sabhāga in the process of reincarnation or Path of Cultivation. Therefore, this article examines the role of "nikāya-sabhāga" in Sarvāstivāda's doctrine, especially how to play the role of nikāya-sabhāga in the process of sentient reincarnation or monasticism.
Sarvāstivāda advocates that "citta-viprayukta-saṃskāras" is real entity, and the question of whether nikāya-sabhāga is real entity is taken seriously in Abhidharmakośabhāṣya. Regarding Sarvāstivāda's claim, Vasubandhu quoted Sautrāntika and put forward five criticisms. And Saṅghabhadra argued in Nyāyānusāra from Sarvāstivāda standpoint. According to Vasubandhu, the critical point of criticism is that Sarvāstivāda establishes the argument of " notion (buddhi) or provisional designation (prajñapti)of nonparticular(abhinna)", that is, the homogeneous character with knowledge and the name that can explain the homogeneous character. It is a criticism based on epistemology and language theory. Saṅghabhadra's position on " nikāya-sabhāga real entity " is based on the viewpoint of karma theory, which is to follow the Sarvāstivāda doctrine and emphasize nikāya-sabhāga to play its role in the rebirth of karma. Even though Saṅghabhadra did not respond to the argument about " notion (buddhi) or provisional designation (prajñapti) of nonparticular (abhinna) ", Vasubandhu interprets the term nikāya-sabhāga used in the sūtra, not as referring to a discrete real entity, but rather as referring to "conditioned forces of a certain nature to which the designations 'human,' and so on, are provisionally applied much in the same way as homogeneity is applied to rice, and so on."
Table of contents摘要 ⅰ
ABSTRACT ⅱ
目錄 ⅲ
縮略語 ⅴ
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究範圍與方法 5
1.3 回顧學界研究之成果 9
1.3.1 以「心不相應行法」為主題的文獻 10
1.3.2 以「眾同分」為主題的研究 12
1.4 論文架構 14
第二章 心不相應行法之成立 15
2.1 心不相應行法的判攝與位置 15
2.1.1 《舍利弗阿毘曇論》的「行陰非心相應」說 15
2.1.2 初中期論書的判攝 19
2.1.3 後期論書所攝的位置 28
2.2 心不相應行法成立的義理與因素 33
2.2.1 心不相應行的定義 33
2.2.2 心不相應行法與「行蘊」、「無為法」之關係 37
2.3 心不相應行法項目之演變 44
2.3.1 《舍利弗阿毘曇論》之八法 44
2.3.2 《品類足論》之十六法 45
2.3.3 異生性的增攝與三類得的攝入 48
2.3.4 有關十四法的增攝與攝入 52
2.4 小結 56
第三章 「眾同分」在業果與修道的作用 58
3.1 眾同分的名與義 58
3.1.1 眾同分的字義 58
3.1.2 有部論書對「眾同分」的釋義 60
3.1.3 「眾同分(nikāya-sabhāgatā)」的溯源 64
3.2 眾同分在論書中之分類 68
3.2.1 《大毘婆沙論》的「異熟與等流」 68
3.2.2 《雜阿毘曇心論》的「六種類」 69
3.2.3 《俱舍論》的「無差別與有差別」 71
3.2.4 《順正理論》的「有情同分與法同分」 73
3.3 眾同分與業果、輪迴、修道之關係 76
3.3.1 眾同分在業論中的作用 76
3.3.2 眾同分在輪迴與修道的作用 82
3.4 小結 87
第四章 有部的實有說與眾同分實有的論辯 91
4.1 有部的實有說 91
4.1.1 一切有的成立 92
4.1.2 建立三世法 97
4.2 「眾同分實有」的論辯 99
4.2.1 眾同分實有的立場 99
4.2.2 經部眾同分實有的批判 103
4.2.3 眾賢對經部批判「同分實有」的辯護 112
4.2.4 世親對眾賢辯護的再批判 117
4.3 小結 120
第五章 結論 122
參考文獻 127
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Created date2022.06.17
Modified date2023.01.07



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