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The "Non-Duality of Goodness and Badness": Youxi Chuandeng 幽溪傳燈 on the Badness Inherent in Reality=善惡不二——幽溪傳燈論真實性惡 |
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| Author |
Brewster, Ernest Billings (著)=白立冰 (au.)
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| Source |
佛光學報=Fo Guang Journal of Buddhist Studies
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| Volume | n.2 新8卷 |
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| Date | 2022.07 |
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| Pages | 89 - 153 |
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| Publisher | 佛光大學佛教研究中心 |
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| Publisher Url |
https://cbs.fgu.edu.tw/
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| Location | 宜蘭縣, 臺灣 [I-lan hsien, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 英文=English |
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| Keyword | Thusness (tathatā)=真如（tathatā）; ultimate reality=諸法實相; dharmas; essence-function (ti-yong)=體用; principle-phenomena (Li-shi)=理事; inherent badness=性惡 |
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| Abstract | This paper examines the arguments developed by the Ming-Dynasty Buddhist scholar-monk Youxi Chuandeng 幽溪傳燈 (1554-1628) in order to establish the Tiantai Buddhist doctrine that "thusness" (Skt. Tathatā; Chi. zhenru 真如) — "reality as it really is" (zhenshi 真實）— contains "inherent badness" (xing'e 性惡). In his seminal tract of Tiantai Buddhist apologetics, the Treatise on Goodness and Badness Inherent in Nature (Xing shan e lun 性善惡論), Chuandeng develops the doctrine that the "dharmas" (fa 法) — the basic constituents that comprise the entirety of reality — have coexisting "dispositions" (xingde 性德) of "inherent goodness" (xing shan 性善) and inherent badness. Chuandeng argues that the "unsatisfactoriness" (Skt. Duḥkha; Chi. ku 苦) of life as it is ordinarily lived in due to the activation of the inherent badness within the dharmas. In so doing, Chuandeng upholds the Tiantai teaching that the "liberation" (Chi. jietuo 解脫) from the unsatisfactoriness of quotidian life is contingent upon an engagement with the inherent badness in the dharmas composing reality.
本文探討明朝學問僧幽溪傳燈（1554-1628）所主張的天台教法中的「真如」（梵文：Tathatā)。所謂「真實便是如此」，其中「真實」包含了「性惡」的意思。傳燈再天台教辨惑學文章的代表作《性善惡論》中，開展出諸法實相的教義；他認爲法的構成包含了一切真實，也認爲法的性德同時具有性善與性惡。傳燈認爲人生中的「苦」是由於法中性惡的緣故，傳燈如此做也維護了天台教法的基本立場，也就是認爲要從生命的苦當中解脫，與法中性惡離不開關係。 |
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| Table of contents | 1. Introduction 92
2. One Omnipresent Nature of Thusness 107
2.1 The doctrine of the mutual identity of the ten realms (shijie xiangji 十界相即) 109
2.2 The doctrine of “the mutual identity of essence and function” ( ti yong xiangji 體用相即) 114
2.3 The teaching of “original inclusion” (benju 本具) of essence and function in each, and every, dharma 124
2.4 The one omnipresent nature of thusness is differentiated yet remains undifferentiated 129
3. Inherent Goodness and Inherent Badness are Interpenetrating within One Omnipresent Nature of Thusness 133
3.1 The doctrine of the “interfusion and interpenetration of Li and shi” (Li shi rongtong 理事融通) 136
3.2 Li “Longitudinally Runs Through” (zong 縱) shi in one omnipresent nature of thusness 140
3.3 Ti infuses the dharmas with goodness and badness in their ti 142
4. Conclusion 149 |
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| ISSN | 24143006 (P) |
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| Hits | 342 |
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| Created date | 2022.08.09 |
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| Modified date | 2023.10.25 |
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