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「利他」與「無我」思想研究─以墨家「兼愛」與《菩提道次第廣論》「菩提心」比較為中心=Study on the “Altruism” and“Selflessness”-Universal Love and “Bodhicittah” “Bodhi Heart” Comparison centered |
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| Author |
劉欽源 (著)=Liu, Chan-yuan (au.)
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| Date | 2020 |
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| Pages | 112 |
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| Publisher | 國立雲林科技大學 |
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| Publisher Url |
https://www.yuntech.edu.tw/
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| Location | 雲林縣, 臺灣 [Yunlin hsien, Taiwan] |
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| Content type | 博碩士論文=Thesis and Dissertation |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Degree | master |
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| Institution | 國立雲林科技大學 |
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| Department | 漢學應用研究所 |
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| Advisor | 吳進安 |
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| Publication year | 108 |
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| Keyword | 墨家=Mohist; 兼愛=Universal Love; 菩提心=Bodhi Heart; 佛教=Buddhism |
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| Abstract | 墨子主張「兼愛」,宗喀巴大師引言「菩提心」。墨子立足於效益主義,提出了「兼愛」的思想。宗喀巴大師立足於自我修持度化眾生，提出了「菩提心」思想。墨子的「兼愛」思想本身有著愛利合一、相互性、平等性特點。
墨子認為，如果人與人之間彼此相愛（兼相愛），則會天下太平；如果人與人之間相互憎惡（交相惡），則會天下大亂。墨家提倡「兼愛」的價值理念，即把天下所有人都不視為另類他者，一切人愛一切人，不分彼此地平等對待。如果人人都能夠做到看待別人的身體如同看待自己的身體，看待別人的家族如同看待自己的家族，看待別人的國家如同看待自己的國家，那麼「強不執弱，眾不劫寡，富不侮貧，貴不敖賤，詐不欺愚」的和諧社會就有希望建成。
「兼愛」作為墨家學說中較傾向倫理學的系統知識，而《菩提心》的發願是大乘佛教中最重要的入門之道才能夠最終修成正確無誤的菩提佛果，故本文取《菩提道次第廣論》與《墨子》二書對於「修身」的概念作為參照，企圖探索彼此學說的相異性與相同性，進而檢驗二書對「如何修身」的議題，提出怎樣的看法，並且將此看法用於二書對「人事理想」的判斷。
Mozi advocated ""Universal love"" and Master Tsongkhapa quoted""Bodhi Heart"". Based on efficiency, Mozi put forward the idea of ""Universal love"". Master Tsongkhapa put forward the idea of ""Bodhi Heart"" based on self-cultivation and metamorphosis. Mozi's idea of ""Universal love"" itself has the characteristics of unity of love and benefit, mutuality and equality.
Mozi believes that if people love each other (and love each other), the world will be peaceful; if people hate each other (crossing each other), it will cause chaos in the world. The Mohists advocated the value concept of ""Universal love"", which is to treat everyone in the world as an alternative, all people love all people, and treat them equally regardless of each other. If everyone can treat other people ’s bodies as if they were their own bodies, other people ’s families as their own families, and others ’countries as if they were their own countries, then“ strong is not stubborn and weak. There is hope for a harmonious society that does not insult the poor, whether it is expensive or not, and deceives or deceives stupidity. ""
"" Universal Love"" is a systematic Mohist of thought that is more prone to ethics in Chinese doctrine. But the wish of Bodhi Heart"" is the most important entry way in Mahayana Buddhism. The Bodhisattva Buddha fruit, so this article takes the concept of ""cultivation"" in the second book of ""Bodhicittah"" and ""Mozi"" as reference, trying to explore the differences and similarities of each other's doctrine, and then test the two books on “how to cultivate Issues, how to put forward opinions, and use this opinion to judge the “personnel ideals” in the two books. |
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| Table of contents | 目錄
摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究動機與目的 1
第二節 研究方法 4
第三節 前人研究成果 5
第二章 「利他」與「無我」之觀念論述 23
第一節 墨子「兼愛」之慨念探析 23
第二節 墨子「利他」思想之發皇 26
第三節 佛教「無我」之意義辦析 29
第四節 《菩提道次第廣論》中的佛法闡釋 34
第三章「兼愛」與「菩提心」之異同 45
第一節 「民之三患」與利他主義 45
第二節 由「煩惱、貞定」到「離苦得樂」 48
第三節 「兼愛」與《菩提道次第廣論》「菩提心」的自證 57
第四節 「兼愛」與「菩提心」的共命慧 60
第四章「兼愛」與「菩提心」的比較 65
第一節 「兼愛」的利他之愛與「菩提心」是對世人皆慈悲心的愛 65
第二節 「兼愛」功利(效益)之愛，「菩提心」大乘大悲之愛 73
第三節 「兼愛」出於周徧之愛而「菩提心」以慈悲之心修持自己 81
第四節 「兼愛」與「菩提心」之思想困境與突破 91
第五章 結論 99
第一節 研究發現 99
第二節 時代意義 101
參考文獻 103 |
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| Hits | 618 |
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| Created date | 2022.09.21 |
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| Modified date | 2023.01.16 |
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