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敦煌莫高窟北涼三窟開鑿次第述論=On the Excavation Sequence of the Three Northern Liang Caves at Mogao in Dunhuang |
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| Author |
趙蓉 (著)=Zhao, Rong (au.)
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| Source |
敦煌研究=Dunhuang Research
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| Volume | n.2 (總號=n.192) |
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| Date | 2022 |
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| Pages | 67 - 80 |
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| Publisher | 敦煌研究編輯部 |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.dha.ac.cn/
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| Location | 蘭州, 中國 [Lanzhou, China] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 中文=Chinese |
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| Note | 作者單位：敦煌研究院考古研究所 |
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| Keyword | 北涼三窟=three Northern Liang caves; 避讓關系=allow for pre-existing features; 擴建=expansion; 重修=restoration; 重繪=repainting; 開鑿次第=excavation sequence |
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| Abstract | 北涼三窟特指莫高窟第268、272、275窟，三個石窟毗鄰相依，被學界普遍認為開鑿于十六國的北涼時期。北涼三窟彼此之間的關系，是屬于統一規劃還是漸次開鑿，一直未有相關的具體研究。本文嘗試利用石窟考古報告數據，分析北涼三窟的空間占位和空間改造現象。同時，將三個石窟中存在的重修重繪納入考古層位學研究視野，動態把握由這些現象反映出的石窟本體受到干預的時間遞進關系，進而對北涼三窟的開鑿次第進行綜合分析和論述。最后得出結論：北涼三窟目前的面貌是漸次開鑿的結果，第268窟前半部最先開鑿，其次開鑿第275窟及第268窟后半部，再次是第272窟，最后對第268窟進行了擴建，三個窟相繼進行開鑿、擴建，并很有可能于西涼至北涼統治敦煌時期漸次完成。
This paper discusses the construction sequence of caves 268, 272 and 275, the three earliest caves at Mogao also
known as the three Northern Liang caves, which are presumed to be have been built during the Northern Liang dynasty in the Sixteen Kingdoms period. No research has been done about the relationship connecting the three caves that might elucidate whether
they were built based on a unified plan or built one after the other. According to the data provided in Archaeological Report on
Mogao Caves 266—275, and considering the fact that later caves were always built to allow for pre-existing features, this paper
analyzes the layout of the three caves and discusses the architectural modifications and overlapping layers of paintings in search
of a comprehensive understanding of the excavation process that created these caves.This analysis reaches the conclusion that the
three caves were made sequentially, and that the front part of cave 268 was first created, then cave 275 and the rear part of cave
268, and finally cave 272. Various expansions to the caves were made in the same sequence and the caves were likely finished
gradually in the Western Liang and Northern Liang periods. |
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| Table of contents | 一北涼三窟所在崖面空間占位情況(1)
二北涼三窟的空間形態與重修、重繪現象
1. 第268窟
1）甬道口沿
2）窟頂壓角泥桁條
3）壁面裂隙
4）地面高度的變化
2. 第272窟
3. 第275窟
三北涼三窟之間的開鑿次第與避讓關系
1. 第268窟的開鑿次第及存在的避讓關系
1）側壁四個禪室的南北進深及形態
2）與南、北兩側石窟之間關系
3）主室形制
2. 第272、275窟的開鑿及其與鄰窟的避讓關系
3. 開鑿次第及原因推測
四作為歷史現象的重修重繪
結論 |
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| ISSN | 10004106 (P) |
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| DOI | 10.13584/j.cnki.issn1000-4106.2022.02.004 |
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| Hits | 104 |
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| Created date | 2023.04.06 |
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| Modified date | 2023.04.06 |
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