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Government by Mourning: Death and Political Integration in Japan, 1603–1912 |
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| Author |
Hirai, Atsuko (著)
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| Date | 2014.08.18 |
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| Pages | 464 |
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| Publisher | Harvard University Asia Center |
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| Publisher Url |
https://www.hup.harvard.edu/
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| Location | Cambridge, MA, US [劍橋, 麻薩諸塞州, 美國] |
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| Series | Harvard East Asian Monographs |
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| Content type | 書籍=Book |
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| Language | 英文=English |
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| Note | tsuko Hirai was Kazushige Hirasawa Professor Emerita of History at Bates College. |
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| Abstract | From the early seventeenth to the mid-nineteenth century, the Tokugawa shogunate enacted and enforced myriad laws and ordinances to control nearly every aspect of Japanese life, including observance of a person’s death. In particular, the shoguns Tsunayoshi and Yoshimune issued strict decrees on mourning and abstention that dictated compliance throughout the land and survived the political upheaval of the Meiji Restoration to persist well into the twentieth century.
Atsuko Hirai reveals the pivotal relationship between these shogunal edicts and the legitimacy of Tokugawa rule. By highlighting the role of narimono chojirei (injunctions against playing musical instruments) within their broader context, she shows how this class of legislation played an important integrative part in Japanese society not only through its comprehensive implementation, especially for national mourning of major political figures, but also by its codification of the religious beliefs and customs that the Japanese people had cherished for innumerable generations. |
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| Table of contents | [List of] Maps, Plates and Figures, and Tables
Acknowledgments
Note to the Reader
Introduction
I. Mourning Laws: The Pre-Tokugawa Foundation and Tokugawa Political Implications
1. Pre-Tokugawa Mourning Laws
The Origins: The Yōrō Code and Native Religious Traditions
“Shinto” or “Jindo”: What’s in the Name?
The Mourning and Abstention Laws of the Shinto Shrines
Observance of Mourning under the Yōrō Code and Shrine Rules: A Sampler
2. The Tokugawa Mourning Edicts
The Early Tokugawa Attempts at a Mourning Edict
Tokugawa Tsunayoshi and His Edict on Mourning and Abstention
3. Mourning and the Shogun’s Legitimacy
Shogun Tsunayoshi’s Personal Stake
The Shogun’s Inheritance and Succession
The Mystery of Rebirth
Patriarchal Sacraments
Imperial Dispensation
The Tokugawa Shogun’s Many Faces of Legitimacy
4. Mourning and the Daimyo Houses
Implementation of the Mourning Edicts in the Daimyo Houses
Local Records
Succession in the Daimyo Houses
The Satake House and the Shogunate’s Specifications
Succession in the House of Mōri
The Story of the Shimazu House
The Mourning Edict and the Demography of the Daimyo Houses
The Shogun’s Stick
The Dead Man Talking
Center versus Periphery
5. The Mourning Edict and the Populace
Notification of the Mourning Edict among Edo’s Townsfolk
Relatives of Abstention and Social Control
Guilt by Affinity
Filth, the Sacred Sphere, and Leaves of Absence
The Practices of Commoners in Mourning and Abstention
6. Portraits of Men and Women in Mourning
Mourning in the Life and Death of Umezu Masakage (1581–1633)
The Shoguns’ Wives and Concubines
Lady Yō: Daimyo’s Daughter, Daimyo’s Wife (1737–62)
The Men and Women of the Shimazu House
Kamata Masazumi, the Shimazu Vassal (1816–58)
In Memoriam
II. Public Mourning in Edo and the Daimyo Domains
7. Public Mourning of State Personages
The Rites of Public Mourning
Quiet in Edo
The Shogunate’s Accommodation
The Quiet for the Dead, the Quiet for the Living
8. Public Mourning in the Daimyo Domains
Public Mourning in Akita
Mourning the Satake
The Tokugawa House in Akita
The Life of Akita’s Populace under Prohibition
The Domain’s Accommodative Approach
Silence in Chōshū
Public Mourning for the Tokugawa House
Co-opting the House of Mōri
The Transmission of Suspension Orders
Silence in Four Corners
The Experience of an Itinerant Singer-Storyteller
Intradomain Public Mourning as Supradomain Allegiance
9. Public Mourning and the Imperial Family
The Imperial Family in the Shogunate’s Suspension Orders
The Imperial Family in Akita
The Imperial Family in Chōshū
The Imperial Family in Kyoto
The Emperor, the Shogunate, the Daimyo, and the People
10. Public Mourning in Bakumatsu Politics
The Deaths of Shoguns Ieyoshi and Iesada
Mourning in the Provinces
The Reversal of Fortune for “the Above”
Appeasement and New Protocols
The Deaths of Shogun Iemochi and Emperor Kōmei
The Reversal of Fortune for “the Below”
“The Below” in Edo
Out in Akita
War and Public Mourning in Chōshū
Shogun Yoshinobu’s Grief
Mourning and Missed Opportunities
III. Mourning in the Meiji Period
11. Government by Mourning in the Meiji Period
The Meiji Restoration
The State of the Mourning Laws under the New Regime
Connections to Select Codes
Imperial Holy Days
Personal Holy Days
The Politics and Diplomacy of Royal Deaths
The Last Chapter of the Tokugawa Mourning Edict
Conclusion
Appendix A: Shogun Tokugawa Tsunayoshi’s Bukkiryō (Edict on Mourning and Abstention), Genroku 6 (1693)
Appendix B: Reference Lists
The Imperial Family: The Tokugawa-Period Emperors and Sovereign Empresses
The Houses of the Imperial Blood
The Five Regents’ Houses
The Tokugawa Shoguns (including Posthumous Buddhist Names)
The Daimyo Domains and Daimyo Referenced in th |
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| ISBN | 9780674066823 (hc) |
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| Related reviews | - Book Reviews: State of the Field—Early Modern and Modern Japanese Religious Studies: Women in Japanese Religions by Barbara R. Ambros; Government by Mourning: Death and Political Integration in Japan, 1603–1912 by Atsuko Hirai; Religious Discourse in Modern Japan: Religion, State, and Shintō by Jun'ichi Isomae, translated by Galen Amstutz and Lynne E. Riggs; Conquering Demons: The “Kirishitan,” Japan, and the World in Early Modern Japanese Literature by Jan C. Leuchtenberger; Buddhism, Unitarianism, and the Meiji Competition for Universality by Michel Mohr; Holy Ghosts: The Christian Century in Modern Japanese Fiction by Rebecca Suter / Hansen, Wilburn (評論)
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| Hits | 150 |
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| Created date | 2023.06.17 |
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| Modified date | 2023.06.17 |
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