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The Buddha Was a Devoted Nationalist: Buddhist Nationalism, Ressentiment, and Defending Buddhism in Myanmar |
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| Author |
Foxeus, Niklas (著)
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| Source |
Religion
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| Volume | v.49 n.4 |
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| Date | 2019 |
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| Pages | 661 - 690 |
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| Publisher | Taylor & Francis Ltd |
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| Publisher Url |
http://www.tandf.co.uk/
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| Location | Abingdon, UK [阿賓登, 英國] |
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| Content type | 期刊論文=Journal Article |
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| Language | 英文=English |
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| Note | Author Affiliation: Department of Ethnology, History of Religions and Gender Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden |
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| Keyword | Buddhist nationalism; Ma Ba Tha; nationalism; Buddhism; religion and politics; Burma/Myanmar |
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| Abstract | Since 2012, Buddhist nationalist movements – especially the 969 movement and Ma Ba Tha – have emerged in Burma/Myanmar seeking to defend Buddhism against mainly the Muslim minority, with monks delivering nationalist anti-Muslim sermons to huge audiences. The aim of this article is to demonstrate how a discriminatory nationalist agenda can – by appealing to the common trope of Buddhism-in-danger – appear to be justified to Buddhists. Based mainly on nationalist sermons, as well as on fieldwork and nationalist publications, this article examines discourse on the Buddha as a nationalist. First, it argues that Burmese Buddhist nationalism, analytically, should be understood as a ressentiment ideological discourse that also informs a Buddhist-nationalist discipline claimed to bring karmic merit. Second, it traces the roots of this ideology to the colonial period. Third, the article outlines and seeks to define how ‘Buddhist nationalism’ should be understood in an emic sense. |
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| Table of contents | Abstract 661
The nation and nationalist ideology 663
The emergence of Burmese nationalism in the colonial period: a Burman Buddhist identity 664
Nationalist ressentiment ideology: anti-Indian and anti-Muslim sentiments in the colonial period 666
969 and Ma Ba Tha: a Buddhist state, Buddhist nationalism, and a Buddhist nation 668
The Buddha as a nationalist bodhisatta: the origin of nationalism 669
Gotama Buddha as a devoted nationalist: saving the Sākiya clan and protecting racial purity 673
Defending Buddhism and the nation against the Muslim other 677
Is this Buddhist nationalist ideology marginal within Ma Ba Tha? 680
Burmese Buddhist nationalism: blurred boundaries 680
The nationalist discipline: social, religious, and political implications 683
Conclusion 685
Acknowledgements 686
Disclosure statement 686
Funding 686
Notes on contributor 687
References 687 |
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| ISSN | 0048721X (P); 10961151 (E) |
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| DOI | 10.1080/0048721X.2019.1610810 |
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| Hits | 86 |
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| Created date | 2023.07.04 |
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| Modified date | 2023.07.10 |
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