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中國古代僧人的生活規範 梁代關於僧人不食肉戒的討論=Norms for Monastic Life in Ancient China: Discourses on the Precept against Meat-Eating during the Liang Dynasty=중국 고대 승려들의 생활규범 - 양대 승려 불식육계를 둘러싼 논의
Author 張文良 (著)=Chang, Wen liang (au.)
Source 불교학리뷰=Critical Review for Buddhist Studies=仏教学レビュー
Volumev.33 n.0
Date2023.04
Pages121 - 148
Publisher金剛大學
Publisher Url https://www.ggu.ac.kr/
LocationKorea [韓國]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language中文=Chinese; 韓文=Korean
Note저자정보: 중국인민대학교 불교와 종교이론 연구소
Keyword양무제; three types of pure meat; Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra; Duan jiurou wen; Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty; 삼정육=三淨肉; 『열반경』; 『단주육문』
AbstractThe origin of the Chinese monastic’s precept of abstaining from meat is usually thought to be the Duan jiurou wen, proclaimed by Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty(梁武帝). The establishment of this precept was, however, not a one-time deal but the result of fierce debate between monastic and secular groups. The point of controversy was how to reconcile conflicts between the precepts of Sectarian Buddhism--which allowed monks to eat meat--and precepts in the Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra--which prohibited it. Emperor Wu’s decree to abstain from meat was ultimately adopted, but that was not solely from precepts in the Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra banning consumption of meat; it was also based on the Confucian concept of abstaining from killing (愼殺) and protecting life (護生), as well as a long-standing reverence and preference for vegetarianism by Chineseintellectuals.

중국 승려 불식육계의 기원은 보통 양무제(梁武帝)의 『단주육문(斷酒肉文)』으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 이 계율의 확립은 한번에 이루어진 것이 아니고, 승(僧)과 속(俗) 두 집단의 치열한 논쟁 과정을 거쳤다. 논쟁의 초점은 부파불교의 계율인 승려 식육을 허용한 규정과 식육을 허용하지 않은 『열반경』의 규정에서 나타나는 모순을 어떻게 조화시킬 것인가의 문제였다. 결국 양무제의 불식육계가 불교계의 인정을 받은 이유는 『열반경』의 육식 불가의 규정 때문만이 아니라, 유가에 의해 한결같이 유지해 온 신살(愼殺: 죽이는 일을 삼감)과 호생(護生: 생명 보호)의 이념, 그리고 중국 지식인들의 채식주의 생활 방식에 대한 오랜 숭상과 선호 때문이다.

中國僧人不食肉戒的起源, 一般追溯到梁武帝的 『斷酒肉文』. 但這一戒律的確立並不是一蹴而就的, 而是經歷了僧俗二界的激烈的爭辯過程. 爭論的焦點是部派佛教戒律關於僧人可食肉的規定與 『涅槃經』 的不可食肉規定之間的矛盾如何調和的問題. 最後, 梁武帝的不食肉戒能得到佛教界的接受, 不僅是因為 『涅槃經』 的不可食肉的規定, 還因為儒家一直堅持慎殺和護生理念, 以及中國知識分子自古以來對素食生活方式的推崇和褒揚.
Table of contentsI. 부파 불교의 규정과 『열반경』의 불식육계 122
II. 『열반경해집(涅槃經解集)』에서의 제 해석 126
III. 양무제 『단주육문』의 제정 배경 131
I. 部派戒律的規定與 『涅槃經』 的不食肉戒 138
II. 『涅槃經集解』 中的諸詮釋 141
III. 梁武帝制定 『斷酒肉文』 的背景 145
ISSN19752660 (P)
DOIhttps://doi.org/10.29213/crbs..33.202304.121
Hits227
Created date2023.08.26
Modified date2023.08.31



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