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초기 漢譯 불전에서 원어의 변용 사례_Bhadraka와 Āḷavaka를 중심으로=An Example of Transfiguration of the Original Word in Buddhist Texts Translated Early into Chinese : Focused on Bhadraka and Āḷavaka
Author 정승석 (著)=Jung, Seung-suk (au.)
Source 인도철학=印度哲學=Korean Journal of Indian Philosophy
Volumen.28
Date2010
Pages113 - 138
Publisher印度哲學會
Publisher Url http://krindology.com/
LocationKorea [韓國]
Content type期刊論文=Journal Article
Language韓文=Korean
Note저자정보: 동국대학교 인도철학과 교수
Keyword번범어; 갈담; 아랍; 광야; 여구; 여성=驢姓; 촌장; 당나귀; Sanskrit-Chinese Dictionary; transliteration; donkey; transfiguration; bhadraka(gandhabhaka); ALavaka(ATavaka); ALavika(ATavika); gadrabha(gardabhaka)
AbstractBhadraka-sutta에서 촌장의 이름으로 언급되는 bhadraka가 잡아함경 권32에서는 竭曇으로 음역되고, 별역잡아함경 권7에서는 驢姓으로 의역된다. 한편 잡아함경 권50에서는 竭曇이 귀신의 이름으로 阿臘과 함께 등장한다. 또한 별역잡아함경 권15에서 竭曇은 驢駒(당나귀)로, 阿臘은 曠野로 번역되어 있다. 원천 자료에서 阿臘의 원어는 āḷavaka로 확인되지만, 竭曇에 해당하는 원어는 없다. 음역에 의거하면 귀신 竭曇의 원어도 bhadraka가 될 것이지만, 의역에 의거하면 그 원어는 gadrabha(당나귀)가 될 것이다. 그러나 관련 설화와 다른 전거를 통해 竭曇=驢姓의 원어는 bhadraka, 竭曇=驢駒의 원어는 gadrabha로 확정할 수 있다. 이처럼 역자들의 번역어 채택에는 일관성이 없고, 이로 인해 종종 원의를 곡해할 수 있는 상황도 발생한다. 이는 한자라는 중국어의 특성에서 기인한 것이고, 역자의 이해와는 무관할 것일 수 있다. 그러나 한역으로 불전의 원의를 파악해야 하는 입장에서는 본론에서 제기하고 검토한 문제, 즉 원어의 변용과 음역의 다양성을 충분히 고려해야 한다.

A headman of one village is called bhadraka(or gandhabhaka) in Bhadraka-sutta of Saṃyutta Nikāya. This name is transliterated into jié-tán(竭曇) in Chinese version Vol. 32 of Saṃyukta Āgama, and translated literally into 'donkey family'(驢姓) in another Chinese version Vol. 7 of it. At the same time the jié-tán(竭曇) is appeared as a name of ghost(yakkha) together with another ghost called ā-là(阿臘) in Chinese version Vol. 50 of Saṃyukta Āgama. Besides in another Chinese version Vol. 15 of it, the jié-tán(竭曇) is translated into 'donkey'(驢駒), and the ā-là(阿臘) is translated into 'the wilds'(曠野). Following up a clue of these words, though the original word of jié-tán(竭曇) is verified as āḷavaka in Āḷavaka-sutta, there is not the original word of jié-tán(竭曇). In this case, according to transliteration the original word of ghost jié-tán(竭曇) will be also bhadraka(or gandhabhaka). While according to literal translation the original word of it will be gadrabha(or donkey). But in the light of related narratives and other sources, it can be confirmed that the original word of headman jié-tán(竭曇) equal to 'donkey family'(驢姓) is bhadraka(or gandhabhaka), and that of ghost jié-tán(竭曇) equal to 'donkey'(驢駒) is gadrabha. As above Buddhist texts translated into Chinese lack consistency in translated terms. As a result, readers would misconstrue the original meaning of a word so often. This misconstruction may be resulted from the characteristic of Chinese letters, and may have nothing to do with understanding of translators. However when we have to understand the original meaning of Buddhist texts on the authority of the Chinese version, we ought to investigate a point in dispute thoroughly, that is, the transfiguration of the original word or the variety of transliteration.
Table of contentsI 고찰의 발단과 목적. 113
II Bhadraka의 전거와 변용. 117
III Āḷavaka의 전거와 변용. 120
IV 다양한 용례. 124
V 결론. 132
ISSN12263230 (P)
Hits53
Created date2023.09.29
Modified date2023.09.29



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